Beyond sepsis: Staphylococcus epidermidis is an underestimated but significant contributor to neonatal morbidity

Staphylococcus epidermidis accounts for the majority of cases of neonatal sepsis. Moreover, it has been demonstrated to be associated with neonatal morbidities, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), white matter injury (WMI), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP),...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Virulence 2018-01, Vol.9 (1), p.621-633
Main Authors: Dong, Ying, Speer, Christian P., Glaser, Kirsten
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - epidemiology
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - microbiology
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - pathology
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing - epidemiology
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing - microbiology
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing - pathology
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Incidence
Infant, Newborn
Inflammation - microbiology
Inflammation - pathology
inflammatory disorders
innate immunity
Leukoencephalopathies - epidemiology
Leukoencephalopathies - microbiology
Leukoencephalopathies - pathology
necrotizing enterocolitis
neonatal sepsis
Neonatal Sepsis - epidemiology
Neonatal Sepsis - microbiology
Neonatal Sepsis - pathology
preterm infants
Retinopathy of Prematurity - epidemiology
Retinopathy of Prematurity - microbiology
Retinopathy of Prematurity - pathology
Review
Staphylococcal Infections - epidemiology
Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology
Staphylococcal Infections - pathology
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus epidermidis - isolation & purification
Staphylococcus epidermidis - pathogenicity
white matter injury
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Summary:Staphylococcus epidermidis accounts for the majority of cases of neonatal sepsis. Moreover, it has been demonstrated to be associated with neonatal morbidities, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), white matter injury (WMI), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), which affect short-term and long-term neonatal outcome. Imbalanced inflammation has been considered to be a major underlying mechanism of each entity. Conventionally regarded as a harmless commensal on human skin, S. epidermidis has received less attention than its more virulent relative Staphylococcus aureus. Particularities of neonatal innate immunity and nosocomial environmental factors, however, may contribute to the emergence of S. epidermidis as a significant nosocomial pathogen. Neonatal host response to S. epidermidis sepsis has not been fully elucidated. Evidence is emerging regarding the implication of S. epidermidis sepsis in the pathogenesis of neonatal inflammatory diseases. This review focuses on the interplay among S. epidermidis, neonatal innate immunity and inflammation-driven organ injury.
ISSN:2150-5594
2150-5608
DOI:10.1080/21505594.2017.1419117