Using an environmentally-relevant panel of Gram-negative bacteria to assess the toxicity of polyallylamine hydrochloride-wrapped gold nanoparticles

We aim to establish the effect of environmental diversity in evaluating nanotoxicity to bacteria. We assessed the toxicity of 4 nm polyallylamine hydrochloride-wrapped gold nanoparticles (PAH AuNPs) to a panel of bacteria from diverse environmental niches. The bacteria experienced a range of toxicit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science. Nano 2018-02, Vol.5 (2), p.279-288
Main Authors: Buchman, Joseph T, Rahnamoun, Ali, Landy, Kaitlin M, Zhang, Xi, Vartanian, Ariane M, Jacob, Lisa M, Murphy, Catherine J, Hernandez, Rigoberto, Haynes, Christy L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Computation
Computer applications
Cytometry
Environment models
Environmental effects
Flow cytometry
Gold
Gram-negative bacteria
Interactions
Lipopolysaccharides
Mathematical models
Modelling
Nanoparticles
Niches
Phosphates
Polyallylamine
Polyallylamine hydrochloride
Toxicity
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Summary:We aim to establish the effect of environmental diversity in evaluating nanotoxicity to bacteria. We assessed the toxicity of 4 nm polyallylamine hydrochloride-wrapped gold nanoparticles (PAH AuNPs) to a panel of bacteria from diverse environmental niches. The bacteria experienced a range of toxicities as evidenced by the different minimum bactericidal concentrations determined; the sensitivities of the bacteria was A. vinelandii = P. aeruginosa > S. oneidensis MR-4 > A. baylyi > S. oneidensis MR-1. Interactions between gold nanoparticles and molecular components of the cell wall were investigated by TEM, flow cytometry, and computational modeling. Binding results showed a general trend that bacteria with smooth lipopolysaccharides (LPS) bind more PAH AuNPs than bacteria with rough LPS. Computational models reveal that PAH migrates to phosphate groups in the core of the LPS structure. Overall, our results demonstrate that simple interactions between nanoparticles and the bacterial cell wall cannot fully account for observed trends in toxicity, which points to the importance of establishing more comprehensive approaches for modeling environmental nanotoxicity. We aim to establish the effect of bacterial diversity in assessing nanotoxicity.
ISSN:2051-8153
2051-8161
DOI:10.1039/c7en00832e