Algal Bloom Expansion Increases Cyanotoxin Risk in Food

As advances in global transportation infrastructure make it possible for out of season foods to be available year-round, the need for assessing the risks associated with the food production and expanded distribution are even more important. Risks for foodborne illness are associated with contaminati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Yale journal of biology & medicine 2018-06, Vol.91 (2), p.129-142
Main Authors: Abeysiriwardena, Niam M, Gascoigne, Samuel J L, Anandappa, Angela
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algae
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Chromatography
Climate change
Consumers
Cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria - metabolism
Eutrophication
Fish
Food
Food availability
Food contamination
Food processing
Foodborne Diseases
Herbal medicine
Humans
Hypoxia
Illnesses
Intoxication
Liver diseases
Marine Toxins - toxicity
Mass spectrometry
Nervous System Diseases
Neurodegenerative diseases
Poisoning
Processed foods
Review
Scientific imaging
Seafood
Shellfish
Toxins
Water quality
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Summary:As advances in global transportation infrastructure make it possible for out of season foods to be available year-round, the need for assessing the risks associated with the food production and expanded distribution are even more important. Risks for foodborne illness are associated with contamination by bacteria, viruses, mold, parasites, natural and synthetic toxins, chemical residues, and conditions that lead to contamination. An increase in the popularity of natural alternatives to pharmaceuticals, herbal remedies and the desire for consuming "super foods" is leading to a change in the dietary patterns of consumers. Similarly, dietary trends are plentiful, with more consumers adopting changes with little medical guidance to dietary plans that are supported by inadequate scientific data. In particular, U.S. consumers are acquiring novel foods that may not be adequately checked for the presence of marine toxins and heat stable toxins in dry or minimally processed foods. Some dry foods cultivated in or processed in regions that may utilize hypoxic agricultural waters high in cyanobacterial or algal contamination. These may perpetuate increased risks for chronic liver, kidney, and neurodegenerative disorders due to intoxication from preventable foodborne agents. Global climate change, which has the effect of potentially expanding the toxic waters into higher latitudes, forecasts an increase in the risk of food contamination with toxins.
ISSN:0044-0086
1551-4056