The Bone Marrow Microenvironment in Health and Myeloid Malignancy

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) interact dynamically with an intricate network of cells in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment or niche. These interactions provide instructive cues that influence the production and lineage determination of different types of blood cells and maintenance of HSC quie...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine 2018-07, Vol.8 (7), p.a031328
Main Authors: Galán-Díez, Marta, Cuesta-Domínguez, Álvaro, Kousteni, Stavroula
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bone Marrow - physiology
Bone Marrow Neoplasms - pathology
Cellular Microenvironment - physiology
Chemokine CXCL12 - metabolism
Endothelial Cells - physiology
Hematopoiesis - physiology
Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Humans
Mesenchymal Stem Cells - metabolism
Nestin - metabolism
Neuroglia - physiology
Neurons - physiology
Osteoblasts - physiology
Osteocytes - physiology
Receptors, Leptin - metabolism
Stem Cell Niche - physiology
Sympathetic Nervous System - physiology
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Summary:Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) interact dynamically with an intricate network of cells in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment or niche. These interactions provide instructive cues that influence the production and lineage determination of different types of blood cells and maintenance of HSC quiescence. They also contribute to hematopoietic deregulation and hematological myeloid malignancies. Alterations in the BM niche are commonly observed in myeloid malignancies and contribute to the aberrant function of myelodysplastic and leukemia-initiating stem cells. In this work, we review how different components of the BM niche affect normal hematopoiesis, the molecular signals that govern this interaction, and how genetic changes in stromal cells or alterations in remodeled malignant BM niches contribute to myeloid malignancies. Understanding the intricacies between normal and malignant niches and their modulation may provide insights into developing novel therapeutics for blood disorders.
ISSN:2157-1422
2472-5412
DOI:10.1101/cshperspect.a031328