Atypical fetal development: Fetal alcohol syndrome, nutritional deprivation, teratogens, and risk for neurodevelopmental disorders and psychopathology

Accumulating evidence indicates that the fetal environment plays an important role in brain development and sets the brain on a trajectory across the life span. An abnormal fetal environment results when factors that should be present during a critical period of development are absent or when factor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Development and psychopathology 2018-08, Vol.30 (3), p.1063-1086
Main Authors: Georgieff, Michael K., Tran, Phu V., Carlson, Erik S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Behavior
Brain
Brain - physiopathology
Consortia
Critical period
Epidemiology
Etiology
Female
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders - diagnosis
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders - physiopathology
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders - psychology
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Fetal Development - physiology
Fetuses
Gene expression
Genomics
Humans
Hypotheses
Iron
Life span
Long-term effects
Malnutrition - physiopathology
Malnutrition - psychology
Memory
Mental disorders
Mental Disorders - diagnosis
Mental Disorders - physiopathology
Mental Disorders - psychology
Mental health care
Neurobiology
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Neurodevelopmental Disorders - diagnosis
Neurodevelopmental Disorders - physiopathology
Neurodevelopmental Disorders - psychology
Nutrient deficiency
Pregnancy
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
Psychopathology
Special Issue Articles
Teratogens
Teratogens - toxicity
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Summary:Accumulating evidence indicates that the fetal environment plays an important role in brain development and sets the brain on a trajectory across the life span. An abnormal fetal environment results when factors that should be present during a critical period of development are absent or when factors that should not be in the developing brain are present. While these factors may acutely disrupt brain function, the real cost to society resides in the long-term effects, which include important mental health issues. We review the effects of three factors, fetal alcohol exposure, teratogen exposure, and nutrient deficiencies, on the developing brain and the consequent risk for developmental psychopathology. Each is reviewed with respect to the evidence found in epidemiological and clinical studies in humans as well as preclinical molecular and cellular studies that explicate mechanisms of action.
ISSN:0954-5794
1469-2198
DOI:10.1017/S0954579418000500