Glycerides isolated from the aerial parts of Malva verticillata cause immunomodulation effects via splenocyte function and NK anti-tumor activity

• Published in: Food science and biotechnology 2018-08, Vol.27 (4), p.1023-1030
• Main Authors: Ko, Jung-Hwan, Castaneda, Rodrigo, Joo, Sun-Woo, Kim, Hyoung-Geun, Lee, Yeong-Geun, Lee, Youn-Hyung, Kang, Tong Ho, Baek, Nam-In
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anticancer properties; Antitumor agents; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Column chromatography; Fatty acids; Food Science; Glycerides; Immunomodulation; Malva verticillata; Nutrition; Silicon dioxide; Tumor cells; Tumors
• ISSN: 1226-7708; 2092-6456
• DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0344-y

A preliminary study revealed that a 10 µg/mL n -BuOH fraction of Malva verticillata aerial parts significantly enhanced splenocyte proliferation and induced significant enhancement of natural-killer (NK) cell activity against tumor cells (YAC-1). This study was initiated to identify the principal components that exhibited these activities, and four glycerides were isolated through repeated SiO 2 and ODS column chromatography. Structures of compounds 1 – 4 were determined to be (2 S )-1- O -palmitoyl glyceride, (2 S )-1- O -stearoyl glyceride, (2 S )-1- O -linolenoyl glyceride, and (2 S )-1,2-di- O -linoleoyl glyceride, respectively. Compounds 1 – 3 showed potential immune-enhancing activity in murine splenocyte and natural-killer (NK) cells at 10 µM. In contrast, compound 4 showed weak activity, indicating the monoacyl glycerides ( 1 – 3 ) are more effective than diacyl glyceride ( 4 ). Also, the longer the carbon number of the fatty acid in monoacyl glyceride, the better the activity, and the monoacyl glyceride including an unsaturated fatty acid ( 3 ) is more effective than the glycerides including the saturated fatty acids ( 1 – 2 ).