Activity of Genital Tract Secretions and Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptides against Group B Streptococcus

• Published in: American journal of reproductive immunology (1989) 2015-12, Vol.74 (6), p.499-507
• Main Authors: Agarwal, Nidhi, Buckley, Niall, Nakra, Natasha, Gialanella, Philip, Yuan, Weirong, Ghartey, Jeny P.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Antimicrobial agents; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides - metabolism; Antimicrobial peptides; Bacteriology; Bodily Secretions - metabolism; cervico-vaginal lavage samples; defensins; Defensins - metabolism; E coli; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli - growth & development; Female; female genital tract secretions; Genitalia, Female - immunology; Genitalia, Female - metabolism; Genitalia, Female - microbiology; group B streptococcus; HIV; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Peptides; Streptococcal Infections - immunology; Streptococcus; Streptococcus - growth & development; Streptococcus - immunology; Vaginal Douching
• ISSN: 1046-7408; 1600-0897
• DOI: 10.1111/aji.12427

Problem Genital tract secretions inhibit Escherichia coli (E. coli) through antimicrobial peptides (AMP) secreted by the host and vaginal microbiota. However, there are limited data against group B Streptococcus (GBS). Method of Study Group B Streptococcus were incubated with cervico‐vaginal lavage (CVL) samples from healthy non‐pregnant women (n = 12) or synthetic AMP and monitored for bacterial growth using a turbidimetric approach. E. coli inhibitory activity was determined by a colony‐forming unit assay. Results None of the CVL samples inhibited GBS. The human neutrophil peptide‐1 and human defensin 5 inhibited GBS growth by ≥80% at concentrations ≥20 μg/mL and ≥50 μg/mL, respectively, while human beta‐defensin 2 and LL‐37 did not inhibit at highest concentration tested (100 μg/mL). In contrast, all AMP inhibited E. coli. Conclusions Antimicrobial peptides may protect against E. coli colonization but have more limited activity against GBS. Future studies will focus on augmenting host defense with specific AMP to prevent genitourinary infection with these pathogenic organisms.