Preparation and Reactivation of Heterogeneous Palladium Catalysts and Applications in Sonogashira, Suzuki, and Heck Reactions in Aqueous Media

A new type of heterogeneous palladium catalyst, PdMgAl‐LDH, was facilely prepared by the immobilization of Pd2+ species in the layers of a Mg‐Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) with co‐precipitation, and then fully characterized by using powder XRD, thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis, TE...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ChemistryOpen (Weinheim) 2018-10, Vol.7 (10), p.803-813
Main Authors: Zhang, Sheng‐Yan, Yu, Kai, Guo, Yu‐Shuang, Mou, Rui‐Qi, Lu, Xiao‐Fan, Guo, Dian‐Shun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activation
Aluminum
Aromatic compounds
Bromides
Catalysis
Catalysts
Chemical reactions
Differential thermal analysis
Differential thermogravimetric analysis
Electron density
Energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy
Halides
Heck reaction
heterogeneous catalysis
Hydroxides
Iodides
Nitrolysis
Palladium
Sonogashira reaction
Spectrum analysis
Suzuki reaction
X ray spectra
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Summary:A new type of heterogeneous palladium catalyst, PdMgAl‐LDH, was facilely prepared by the immobilization of Pd2+ species in the layers of a Mg‐Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) with co‐precipitation, and then fully characterized by using powder XRD, thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis, TEM, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. These catalysts can efficiently catalyze copper‐free Sonogashira, Suzuki and Heck coupling reactions of various aryl iodides, bromides, and chlorides in aqueous media under phosphine‐ligand‐ and organic‐base‐free conditions. These catalysts feature easy recovery through simple filtration and could be reused at least six times without a marked loss in activity. Notably, they can be facilely reactivated by a combination of nitrolysis with co‐precipitation. The basic LDH skeletons could effectively stabilize the Pd0 species created in situ and donate electron density to the Pd0 center to facilitate the oxidative addition of aryl halides, thus the PdMgAl‐LDH catalysts are stable during catalysis. Easy does it: The facile synthesis and reactivation of heterogeneous Pd catalysts that efficiently promote the Sonogashira, Suzuki, and Heck reactions in aqueous media is presented (see scheme).
ISSN:2191-1363
2191-1363
DOI:10.1002/open.201800139