Enantioselective Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Dehalococcoides mccartyi CG1

• Published in: Applied and environmental microbiology 2018-11, Vol.84 (21)
• Main Authors: Yu, Ling, Lu, Qihong, Qiu, Lan, Xu, Guofang, Zeng, Yanhong, Luo, Xiaojun, Wang, Shanquan, Mai, Bixian
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bacteria; Biodegradation; Cells; Chemical elements; Chromatography; Dechlorination; Dehalogenation; Enantiomers; Gas chromatography; Halogens; In vitro methods and tests; In vivo methods and tests; PCB; PCB compounds; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Studies; Substrates
• ISSN: 0099-2240; 1098-5336
• DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01300-18

Reductive dehalogenation mediated by organohalide-respiring bacteria plays a critical role in the global cycling of organohalides. Nonetheless, information on the dehalogenation enantioselectivity of organohalide-respiring bacteria remains limited. In this study, we report the enantioselective dechlorination of chiral polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by CG1. CG1 preferentially removed halogens from the (-)-enantiomers of the three major environmentally relevant chiral PCBs (PCB174, PCB149, and PCB132), and the enantiomer compositions of the dechlorination products depended on their parent organohalides. The assays with crude cell extracts or concentrated whole cells and the experiments with living cells showed similar enantioselectivities, in contrast with the distinct enantiomeric enrichment factors (ε ) of the substrate chiral PCBs. Additionally, these results suggest that concentrated whole cells might be an alternative to crude cell extracts in tests of reductive dehalogenation activities. The enantioselective dechlorination of other chiral PCBs that we resolved via gas chromatography further confirmed the preference of CG1 for the (-)-enantiomers. A variety of agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals are chiral. Due to the enantioselectivity in biological processes, enantiomers of chiral compounds may have different environmental occurrences, fates, and ecotoxicologies. Many chiral organohalides exist in anaerobic or anoxic soils and sediments, and organohalide-respiring bacteria play a major role in the environmental attenuation and global cycling of these chiral organohalides. Therefore, it is important to investigate the dehalogenation enantioselectivity of organohalide-respiring bacteria. This study reports the discovery of enantioselective dechlorination of chiral PCBs by CG1, which provides insights into the dehalogenation enantioselectivity of and may shed light on future PCB bioremediation efforts to prevent enantioselective biological side effects.