Immunotoxicological Evaluation of Schinus molle L. (Anacardiaceae) Essential Oil in Lymphocytes and Macrophages

Schinus molle L. is used to treat various diseases; however, the literature lacks information regarding its possible immunotoxic effects. The aim of the study was to investigate the immunotoxic effects of essential oil from leaves of Schinus molle L. in cultures of human lymphocytes and macrophages....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine 2018-01, Vol.2018 (2018), p.1-9
Main Authors: Machado, Michel Mansur, Oliveira, Luís Flávio Souza de, Bolignon, Aline, Schmitt, Elizandra Gomes, Rocha, Mariana Balhego, Quintana, Luciane Dias, Zambrano, Léa Augusta de Bairros, Duarte, Jonathaline Apollo, Anraku de Campos, Marli Matiko
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Aromatherapy
Comet assay
Cytokines
Cytotoxicity
Essential oils
Genotoxicity
Herbal medicine
Immune response
Immune system
Interleukin 10
Leaves
Lymphocytes
Macrophages
Nitric oxide
Oils & fats
Penicillin
Schinus molle
Secretions
Toxicity
Toxicology
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Tumor necrosis factor-α
VOCs
Volatile organic compounds
α-Pinene
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Summary:Schinus molle L. is used to treat various diseases; however, the literature lacks information regarding its possible immunotoxic effects. The aim of the study was to investigate the immunotoxic effects of essential oil from leaves of Schinus molle L. in cultures of human lymphocytes and macrophages. The cultures were treated with essential oil (EO) of Schinus molle L. and subsequently subjected to genotoxic analysis (comet assay), mutagenic analysis (micronucleus frequency and chromosomal aberration), and cytotoxic (cell viability) and functional parameters (interleukins secretions). Our analyses have determined that the essential oil from leaves of Schinus molle L. presents several compounds with α-pinene being the major compound; in addition, the compound verbenene was firstly identified; genotoxic effects were detected only in macrophages and only at the two highest concentrations tested. An important finding is that Schinus molle L. oil causes an activation of the immune system. This action has its mechanism centered by the cascade nitric oxide-interleukin-10-tumor necrosis factor alpha.
ISSN:1741-427X
1741-4288
DOI:10.1155/2018/6541583