Benzothiadiazole, a plant defense inducer, negatively regulates sheath blight resistance in Brachypodium distachyon

Plant defense inducers that mimic functions of the plant immune hormone salicylic acid (SA) often affect plant growth. Although benzothiadiazole (BTH), a synthetic analog of SA, has been widely used to protect crops from diseases by inducing plant defense responses, we recently demonstrated that SA,...

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Published in:Scientific reports 2018-11, Vol.8 (1), p.17358-10, Article 17358
Main Authors: Kouzai, Yusuke, Noutoshi, Yoshiteru, Inoue, Komaki, Shimizu, Minami, Onda, Yoshihiko, Mochida, Keiichi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
38/39
38/91
45/22
45/77
45/90
631/449/1741
631/449/2169
631/449/2661/2666
Brachypodium distachyon
Chloroplasts
Humanities and Social Sciences
Jasmonic acid
multidisciplinary
Pathogens
Plant diseases
Plant growth
Plant protection
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
Salicylic acid
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sheath blight
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Summary:Plant defense inducers that mimic functions of the plant immune hormone salicylic acid (SA) often affect plant growth. Although benzothiadiazole (BTH), a synthetic analog of SA, has been widely used to protect crops from diseases by inducing plant defense responses, we recently demonstrated that SA, but not BTH, confers resistance against Rhizoctonia solani , the causal agent of sheath blight disease, in Brachypodium distachyon . Here, we demonstrated that BTH compromised the resistance of Bd3-1 and Gaz4, the two sheath blight-resistant accessions of B . distachyon , which activate SA-dependent signaling following challenge by R . solani . Moreover, upon analyzing our published RNA-seq data from B . distachyon treated with SA or BTH, we found that BTH specifically induces expression of genes related to chloroplast function and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling, suggesting that BTH attenuates R . solani resistance by perturbing growth-defense trade-offs and/or by inducing a JA response that may increase susceptibility to R . solani . Our findings demonstrated that BTH does not work as a simple mimic of SA in B . distachyon , and consequently may presumably cause unfavorable side effects through the transcriptional alteration, particularly with respect to R . solani resistance.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-35790-w