The relationship between dietary magnesium intake, stroke and its major risk factors, blood pressure and cholesterol, in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort

Abstract Background Dietary magnesium could modify the major stroke risk factors, high blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol, but has been understudied in both sexes in a single population. This study aimed to investigate if dietary magnesium intake was associated with BP, total cholesterol (TC) and i...

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Published in:International journal of cardiology 2015-10, Vol.196, p.108-114
Main Authors: Bain, Lucy K.M, Myint, Phyo K, Jennings, Amy, Lentjes, Marleen A.H, Luben, Robert N, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick J, Welch, Ailsa A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Blood pressure
Blood Pressure - physiology
Cardiovascular
Cholesterol - blood
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diet
Diet Records
Dietary magnesium
Female
Humans
Linear Models
Magnesium - administration & dosage
Male
Middle Aged
Risk Factors
Stroke
Stroke - prevention & control
Total cholesterol
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Summary:Abstract Background Dietary magnesium could modify the major stroke risk factors, high blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol, but has been understudied in both sexes in a single population. This study aimed to investigate if dietary magnesium intake was associated with BP, total cholesterol (TC) and incident stroke risk in an adult population. Methods We conducted cross-sectional analyses in a case–cohort study of 4443, men and women aged 40–75, representative of 25,639 participants years of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer)-Norfolk cohort. The cohort included 928 stroke cases (42,556.5 person years). Dietary data from 7 day food diaries were analysed using multivariate regression to assess associations between quintiles or data-derived categories of dietary magnesium intake and BP, TC and stroke risk, adjusted for relevant confounders. Results We observed differences of − 7 mm Hg systolic BP (P trend ≤ 0.01) and − 3.8 mm Hg diastolic BP (P trend = 0.01) between extreme intakes of magnesium in men, a significant inverse association with TC was observed (P trend = 0.02 men and 0.04 women). Compared to the bottom 10%, the top 30% of magnesium intake was associated with a 41% relative reduction in stroke risk (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.38–0.93) in men. Conclusions Lower dietary magnesium intake was associated with higher BP and stroke risk, which may have implications for primary prevention.
ISSN:0167-5273
1874-1754
DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.166