A Longitudinal Analysis of the Intergenerational Transmission of Health Inequality

Abstract Objectives Empirical investigations of cumulative dis/advantage typically treat health inequality as an intraindividual process rooted in early-life conditions and operating within the span of the individual life course, while literature on processes of intergenerational transmission has hi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2019-01, Vol.74 (1), p.181-191
Main Authors: Willson, Andrea E, Shuey, Kim M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Adverse Childhood Experiences - statistics & numerical data
Disabled Persons - statistics & numerical data
Educational Status
Employment - statistics & numerical data
Female
Health Status
Health Status Disparities
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Middle Aged
Risk
Social Mobility
The Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences
United States - epidemiology
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Summary:Abstract Objectives Empirical investigations of cumulative dis/advantage typically treat health inequality as an intraindividual process rooted in early-life conditions and operating within the span of the individual life course, while literature on processes of intergenerational transmission has historically focused on socioeconomic mobility, largely overlooking health. The current study examines the persistence of work disability across generations and multiple explanations for this relationship, including the role of early-life disadvantage, childhood health, educational attainment, and social mobility. Methods We model latent classes of midlife work disability characterized by timing and stability using longitudinal data from the intergenerational component of the U.S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics (N = 3,328). Latent class analysis captures the initial risk of experiencing a work disability and how this risk changes across mid-life as a function of early-life conditions, childhood health, educational attainment, mobility, and parent’s work disability. Results Early disadvantage, childhood health, and educational attainment were associated with patterns of midlife work disability, and although upward mobility provided some protection, intergenerational continuity in health remained net of all of these factors. Discussion Findings support the importance of looking beyond the individual life course to the transmission of health inequality across generations within families.
ISSN:1079-5014
1758-5368
DOI:10.1093/geronb/gby059