BAR domain proteins—a linkage between cellular membranes, signaling pathways, and the actin cytoskeleton

Actin filament assembly typically occurs in association with cellular membranes. A large number of proteins sit at the interface between actin networks and membranes, playing diverse roles such as initiation of actin polymerization, modulation of membrane curvature, and signaling. Bin/Amphiphysin/Rv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biophysical reviews 2018-12, Vol.10 (6), p.1587-1604
Main Authors: Carman, Peter J., Dominguez, Roberto
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Actin
Biochemistry
Biological and Medical Physics
Biological Techniques
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biophysics
Cell Biology
Cell membranes
Curvature
Cytoskeleton
Dimerization
Endocytosis
Life Sciences
Membrane Biology
Membrane proteins
Membranes
Muscles
Nanotechnology
Polymerization
Proteins
Review
Signaling
Structure-function relationships
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Summary:Actin filament assembly typically occurs in association with cellular membranes. A large number of proteins sit at the interface between actin networks and membranes, playing diverse roles such as initiation of actin polymerization, modulation of membrane curvature, and signaling. Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain proteins have been implicated in all of these functions. The BAR domain family of proteins comprises a diverse group of multi-functional effectors, characterized by their modular architecture. In addition to the membrane-curvature sensing/inducing BAR domain module, which also mediates antiparallel dimerization, most contain auxiliary domains implicated in protein-protein and/or protein-membrane interactions, including SH3, PX, PH, RhoGEF, and RhoGAP domains. The shape of the BAR domain itself varies, resulting in three major subfamilies: the classical crescent-shaped BAR, the more extended and less curved F-BAR, and the inverse curvature I-BAR subfamilies. Most members of this family have been implicated in cellular functions that require dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, such as endocytosis, organelle trafficking, cell motility, and T-tubule biogenesis in muscle cells. Here, we review the structure and function of mammalian BAR domain proteins and the many ways in which they are interconnected with the actin cytoskeleton.
ISSN:1867-2450
1867-2469
DOI:10.1007/s12551-018-0467-7