The Role of Vitamin D and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major non-communicable disease associated with high rates of premature morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (deficiency of 25(OH)D or 25D) is greater in racial/ethnic minorities and in patients with CKD than the general population. Low 25D is...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2018-11, Vol.15 (12), p.2701
Main Authors: Norris, Keith C, Olabisi, Opeyemi, Barnett, M Edwina, Meng, Yuan-Xiang, Martins, David, Obialo, Chamberlain, Lee, Jae Eun, Nicholas, Susanne B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
African Americans
Antioxidants
Atherosclerosis
Bone density
Clinical outcomes
Communication
Diabetes
Ethnic Groups
Gene expression
Health Surveys
Humans
Inflammation
Kidney diseases
Kidneys
Male
Metabolism
Metabolites
Middle Aged
Minority & ethnic groups
Morbidity
Normalizing
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - physiology
Patients
Prevalence
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - blood
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - complications
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - epidemiology
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - physiopathology
United States - epidemiology
Vitamin D
Vitamin D - blood
Vitamin D Deficiency - blood
Vitamin D Deficiency - complications
Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology
Vitamin D Deficiency - physiopathology
Vitamin deficiency
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major non-communicable disease associated with high rates of premature morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (deficiency of 25(OH)D or 25D) is greater in racial/ethnic minorities and in patients with CKD than the general population. Low 25D is associated with bone and mineral disorders as well as immune, cardiometabolic and cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Thus, it has been suggested that low 25D contributes to the poor outcomes in patients with CKD. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D rises progressively with advancing severity of kidney disease with over 30% of patients with CKD stage 3 and 70% patients with CKD stage 5 estimated to have low levels of 25D. This report describes several of the abnormal physiologic and counter-regulatory actions related to low 25D in CKD such as those in oxidative stress and inflammatory systems, and some of the preclinical and clinical evidence, or lack thereof, of normalizing serum 25D levels to improve outcomes in patients with CKD, and especially for the high risk subset of racial/ethnic minorities who suffer from higher rates of advanced CKD and hypovitaminosis D.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph15122701