Inorganic Complexes and Metal-Based Nanomaterials for Infectious Disease Diagnostics

Infectious diseases claim millions of lives each year. Robust and accurate diagnostics are essential tools for identifying those who are at risk and in need of treatment in low-resource settings. Inorganic complexes and metal-based nanomaterials continue to drive the development of diagnostic platfo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemical reviews 2019-01, Vol.119 (2), p.1456-1518
Main Authors: Markwalter, Christine F, Kantor, Andrew G, Moore, Carson P, Richardson, Kelly A, Wright, David W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - analysis
Communicable Diseases - diagnosis
Coordination Complexes - chemistry
Coordination compounds
Core making
Diagnostic systems
Disease detection
Humans
Infectious diseases
Inorganic chemistry
Instrumentation
Luminescent Measurements - methods
Magnetics
Metals
Metals - chemistry
Nanomaterials
Nanostructures - chemistry
Nanotechnology
Nucleic acids
Organic chemistry
Platforms
Point-of-Care Systems
Review
Risk assessment
Sample preparation
Signal generation
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Summary:Infectious diseases claim millions of lives each year. Robust and accurate diagnostics are essential tools for identifying those who are at risk and in need of treatment in low-resource settings. Inorganic complexes and metal-based nanomaterials continue to drive the development of diagnostic platforms and strategies that enable infectious disease detection in low-resource settings. In this review, we highlight works from the past 20 years in which inorganic chemistry and nanotechnology were implemented in each of the core components that make up a diagnostic test. First, we present how inorganic biomarkers and their properties are leveraged for infectious disease detection. In the following section, we detail metal-based technologies that have been employed for sample preparation and biomarker isolation from sample matrices. We then describe how inorganic- and nanomaterial-based probes have been utilized in point-of-care diagnostics for signal generation. The following section discusses instrumentation for signal readout in resource-limited settings. Next, we highlight the detection of nucleic acids at the point of care as an emerging application of inorganic chemistry. Lastly, we consider the challenges that remain for translation of the aforementioned diagnostic platforms to low-resource settings.
ISSN:0009-2665
1520-6890
DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00136