Nonhuman Primate Models of Hepatitis A Virus and Hepatitis E Virus Infections

Although phylogenetically unrelated, human hepatitis viruses share an exclusive or near exclusive tropism for replication in differentiated hepatocytes. This narrow tissue tropism may contribute to the restriction of the host ranges of these viruses to relatively few host species, mostly nonhuman pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine 2019-02, Vol.9 (2), p.a031815
Main Authors: Lanford, Robert E, Walker, Christopher M, Lemon, Stanley M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Disease Models, Animal
Hepatitis A - immunology
Hepatitis A - prevention & control
Hepatitis A virus - immunology
Hepatitis E - immunology
Hepatitis E - prevention & control
Hepatitis E virus - immunology
Humans
Phylogeny
Primates
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Summary:Although phylogenetically unrelated, human hepatitis viruses share an exclusive or near exclusive tropism for replication in differentiated hepatocytes. This narrow tissue tropism may contribute to the restriction of the host ranges of these viruses to relatively few host species, mostly nonhuman primates. Nonhuman primate models thus figure prominently in our current understanding of the replication and pathogenesis of these viruses, including the enterically transmitted hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV), and have also played major roles in vaccine development. This review draws comparisons of HAV and HEV infection from studies conducted in nonhuman primates, and describes how such studies have contributed to our current understanding of the biology of these viruses.
ISSN:2157-1422
2472-5412
DOI:10.1101/cshperspect.a031815