Genetic Variations, Triglycerides, and Atherosclerotic Disease

[See article vol. 26: 136-144] [Understandings from Causal Associations between Biomarkers and Clinical Outcomes] To establish a causal association between a biomarker and an outcome, randomized controlled trials (RCT) are the gold standard. On the other hand, the Mendelian randomization trial is a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis 2019/02/01, Vol.26(2), pp.128-131
Main Authors: Tada, Hayato, Kawashiri, Masa-aki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis - blood
Atherosclerosis - genetics
Atherosclerosis - pathology
Biomarkers - metabolism
Dyslipidemia
Genetic Variation
Genetics
Humans
Hypertriglyceridemia - blood
Hypertriglyceridemia - genetics
Hypertriglyceridemia - pathology
Lipoproteins - genetics
LMF1
Triglycerides
Triglycerides - blood
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Summary:[See article vol. 26: 136-144] [Understandings from Causal Associations between Biomarkers and Clinical Outcomes] To establish a causal association between a biomarker and an outcome, randomized controlled trials (RCT) are the gold standard. On the other hand, the Mendelian randomization trial is a technique that uses genotypes as instruments to assess causal associations between biomarkers and outcomes. In a Mendelian randomization trial, a genetic variant associated with a particular biomarker is used as a proxy for the biomarker. Outcomes are compared between the group with the effect allele and a group with the reference allele. This approach can be considered a proxy for an RCT, in which the randomized groups have similar confounding variables. Accordingly, a Mendelian randomization trial can be regarded as a natural RCT. Using this technique, a causal association between LDL cholesterol and atherosclerotic diseases have been firmly confirmed. With respect to triglycerides, they have been associated with atherosclerotic diseases in numerous epidemiological studies.
ISSN:1340-3478
1880-3873
1880-3873
DOI:10.5551/jat.ED102