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Whole-genome-based phylogeny of Bacillus cytotoxicus reveals different clades within the species and provides clues on ecology and evolution
Bacillus cytotoxicus is a member of the Bacillus cereus group linked to fatal cases of diarrheal disease. Information on B. cytotoxicus is very limited; in particular comprehensive genomic data is lacking. Thus, we applied a genomic approach to characterize B. cytotoxicus and decipher its population...
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Published in: | Scientific reports 2019-02, Vol.9 (1), p.1984-1984, Article 1984 |
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creator | Stevens, Marc J. A. Tasara, Taurai Klumpp, Jochen Stephan, Roger Ehling-Schulz, Monika Johler, Sophia |
description | Bacillus cytotoxicus
is a member of the
Bacillus cereus
group linked to fatal cases of diarrheal disease. Information on
B. cytotoxicus
is very limited; in particular comprehensive genomic data is lacking. Thus, we applied a genomic approach to characterize
B. cytotoxicus
and decipher its population structure. To this end, complete genomes of ten
B. cytotoxicus
were sequenced and compared to the four publicly available full
B. cytotoxicus
genomes and genomes of other
B. cereus
group members. Average nucleotide identity, core genome, and pan genome clustering resulted in clear distinction of
B. cytotoxicus
strains from other strains of the
B. cereus
group. Genomic content analyses showed that a hydroxyphenylalanine operon is present in
B. cytotoxicus
, but absent in all other members of the
B. cereus
group. It enables degradation of aromatic compounds to succinate and pyruvate and was likely acquired from another
Bacillus
species. It allows for utilization of tyrosine and might have given a
B. cytotoxicus
ancestor an evolutionary advantage resulting in species differentiation. Plasmid content showed that
B. cytotoxicus
is flexible in exchanging genes, allowing for quick adaptation to the environment. Genome-based phylogenetic analyses divided the
B. cytotoxicus
strains into four clades that also differed in virulence gene content. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41598-018-36254-x |
format | article |
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is a member of the
Bacillus cereus
group linked to fatal cases of diarrheal disease. Information on
B. cytotoxicus
is very limited; in particular comprehensive genomic data is lacking. Thus, we applied a genomic approach to characterize
B. cytotoxicus
and decipher its population structure. To this end, complete genomes of ten
B. cytotoxicus
were sequenced and compared to the four publicly available full
B. cytotoxicus
genomes and genomes of other
B. cereus
group members. Average nucleotide identity, core genome, and pan genome clustering resulted in clear distinction of
B. cytotoxicus
strains from other strains of the
B. cereus
group. Genomic content analyses showed that a hydroxyphenylalanine operon is present in
B. cytotoxicus
, but absent in all other members of the
B. cereus
group. It enables degradation of aromatic compounds to succinate and pyruvate and was likely acquired from another
Bacillus
species. It allows for utilization of tyrosine and might have given a
B. cytotoxicus
ancestor an evolutionary advantage resulting in species differentiation. Plasmid content showed that
B. cytotoxicus
is flexible in exchanging genes, allowing for quick adaptation to the environment. Genome-based phylogenetic analyses divided the
B. cytotoxicus
strains into four clades that also differed in virulence gene content.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36254-x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30760727</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>45 ; 45/23 ; 631/114/2785 ; 631/208/726/649 ; 631/326/1320 ; 631/326/325/2482 ; Aromatic compounds ; Bacillus cytotoxicus ; Diarrhea ; Genomes ; Genomics ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; multidisciplinary ; Phylogeny ; Population structure ; Pyruvic acid ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Species ; Tyrosine ; Virulence</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2019-02, Vol.9 (1), p.1984-1984, Article 1984</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2019</rights><rights>This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c577t-ec575093d523a67f54a45d29173ac4913b3461bef5f52c1b914d770678320bfc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c577t-ec575093d523a67f54a45d29173ac4913b3461bef5f52c1b914d770678320bfc3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7384-0594 ; 0000-0003-4299-5651</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2179725921/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2179725921?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30760727$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Stevens, Marc J. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tasara, Taurai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klumpp, Jochen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stephan, Roger</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehling-Schulz, Monika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johler, Sophia</creatorcontrib><title>Whole-genome-based phylogeny of Bacillus cytotoxicus reveals different clades within the species and provides clues on ecology and evolution</title><title>Scientific reports</title><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><description>Bacillus cytotoxicus
is a member of the
Bacillus cereus
group linked to fatal cases of diarrheal disease. Information on
B. cytotoxicus
is very limited; in particular comprehensive genomic data is lacking. Thus, we applied a genomic approach to characterize
B. cytotoxicus
and decipher its population structure. To this end, complete genomes of ten
B. cytotoxicus
were sequenced and compared to the four publicly available full
B. cytotoxicus
genomes and genomes of other
B. cereus
group members. Average nucleotide identity, core genome, and pan genome clustering resulted in clear distinction of
B. cytotoxicus
strains from other strains of the
B. cereus
group. Genomic content analyses showed that a hydroxyphenylalanine operon is present in
B. cytotoxicus
, but absent in all other members of the
B. cereus
group. It enables degradation of aromatic compounds to succinate and pyruvate and was likely acquired from another
Bacillus
species. It allows for utilization of tyrosine and might have given a
B. cytotoxicus
ancestor an evolutionary advantage resulting in species differentiation. Plasmid content showed that
B. cytotoxicus
is flexible in exchanging genes, allowing for quick adaptation to the environment. Genome-based phylogenetic analyses divided the
B. cytotoxicus
strains into four clades that also differed in virulence gene content.</description><subject>45</subject><subject>45/23</subject><subject>631/114/2785</subject><subject>631/208/726/649</subject><subject>631/326/1320</subject><subject>631/326/325/2482</subject><subject>Aromatic compounds</subject><subject>Bacillus cytotoxicus</subject><subject>Diarrhea</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Genomics</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Population structure</subject><subject>Pyruvic acid</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Science (multidisciplinary)</subject><subject>Species</subject><subject>Tyrosine</subject><subject>Virulence</subject><issn>2045-2322</issn><issn>2045-2322</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNp9UU1v1DAQjRCIVkv_AAdkiQuXgD_jzQUJKlqQKnEBcbQcZ7Jx5bUXO1k2_4EfzbRbSuGAD57RzJs3fn5V9ZzR14yK9ZsimWrXNWXrWjRcyfrwqDrlVKqaC84fP8hPqrNSrikexVvJ2qfViaC6oZrr0-rntzEFqDcQ0xbqzhboyW5cQsLKQtJA3lvnQ5gLccuUpnTwDvMMe7ChkN4PA2SIE3HB9lDIDz-NPpJpBFJ24DyWbETGnPb-pu_CjHeKBFzCHcttF_YpzJNP8Vn1ZEBaOLuLq-rrxYcv5x_rq8-Xn87fXdVOaT3VgEHRVvSKC9voQUkrVc9bpoV1smWiE7JhHQxqUNyxrmWy15o2ei047QYnVtXbI-9u7rbQOxSQbTC77Lc2LyZZb_7uRD-aTdqbRmgp8ftX1as7gpy-o6LJbH1xEIKNkOZiOFtLJoVgHKEv_4FepzlHlIco3WquWs4QxY8ol1MpGYb7xzBqbvw2R78N-m1u_TYHHHrxUMb9yG93ESCOgIKtuIH8Z_d_aH8BVyS5kw</recordid><startdate>20190213</startdate><enddate>20190213</enddate><creator>Stevens, Marc J. 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A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tasara, Taurai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klumpp, Jochen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stephan, Roger</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehling-Schulz, Monika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johler, Sophia</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest_Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>ProQuest Science Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Journals</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stevens, Marc J. A.</au><au>Tasara, Taurai</au><au>Klumpp, Jochen</au><au>Stephan, Roger</au><au>Ehling-Schulz, Monika</au><au>Johler, Sophia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Whole-genome-based phylogeny of Bacillus cytotoxicus reveals different clades within the species and provides clues on ecology and evolution</atitle><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle><stitle>Sci Rep</stitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><date>2019-02-13</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>1984</spage><epage>1984</epage><pages>1984-1984</pages><artnum>1984</artnum><issn>2045-2322</issn><eissn>2045-2322</eissn><abstract>Bacillus cytotoxicus
is a member of the
Bacillus cereus
group linked to fatal cases of diarrheal disease. Information on
B. cytotoxicus
is very limited; in particular comprehensive genomic data is lacking. Thus, we applied a genomic approach to characterize
B. cytotoxicus
and decipher its population structure. To this end, complete genomes of ten
B. cytotoxicus
were sequenced and compared to the four publicly available full
B. cytotoxicus
genomes and genomes of other
B. cereus
group members. Average nucleotide identity, core genome, and pan genome clustering resulted in clear distinction of
B. cytotoxicus
strains from other strains of the
B. cereus
group. Genomic content analyses showed that a hydroxyphenylalanine operon is present in
B. cytotoxicus
, but absent in all other members of the
B. cereus
group. It enables degradation of aromatic compounds to succinate and pyruvate and was likely acquired from another
Bacillus
species. It allows for utilization of tyrosine and might have given a
B. cytotoxicus
ancestor an evolutionary advantage resulting in species differentiation. Plasmid content showed that
B. cytotoxicus
is flexible in exchanging genes, allowing for quick adaptation to the environment. Genome-based phylogenetic analyses divided the
B. cytotoxicus
strains into four clades that also differed in virulence gene content.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>30760727</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41598-018-36254-x</doi><tpages>1</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7384-0594</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4299-5651</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | 45 45/23 631/114/2785 631/208/726/649 631/326/1320 631/326/325/2482 Aromatic compounds Bacillus cytotoxicus Diarrhea Genomes Genomics Humanities and Social Sciences multidisciplinary Phylogeny Population structure Pyruvic acid Science Science (multidisciplinary) Species Tyrosine Virulence |
title | Whole-genome-based phylogeny of Bacillus cytotoxicus reveals different clades within the species and provides clues on ecology and evolution |
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