The Asti Study: The Induction of Oxidative Stress in A Population of Children According to Their Body Composition and Passive Tobacco Smoking Exposure

• Published in: International journal of environmental research and public health 2019-02, Vol.16 (3), p.490
• Main Authors: Squillacioti, Giulia, Bellisario, Valeria, Grignani, Elena, Mengozzi, Giulio, Bardaglio, Giulia, Dalmasso, Paola, Bono, Roberto
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adiposity; Age; Biomarkers; Body composition; Body Composition - physiology; Body fat; Body mass; Body Mass Index; Body size; Body Weights and Measures; Chi-square test; Child; Children; Cotinine - urine; Dinoprost - analogs & derivatives; Dinoprost - urine; Female; Free radicals; Health problems; Health risks; Humans; Inflammation; Italy; Lipid peroxidation; Male; Minority & ethnic groups; Obesity; Organs; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - physiology; Passive smoking; Pediatric Obesity - physiopathology; Pollutants; Population; Prevalence; Questionnaires; Reference Values; Respiratory function; Risk analysis; Risk factors; Smoking; Socioeconomic factors; Statistical analysis; Statistical tests; Tobacco; Tobacco Smoke Pollution - adverse effects; Tobacco smoking; Urine
• ISSN: 1660-4601; 1661-7827; 1660-4601
• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030490

Obesity and exposure to second-hand tobacco smoking (SHS) may influence oxidative stress (OS) levels, especially in children. This study investigated body composition and SHS influence on OS induction in the paediatric population. The first purpose was identifying an appropriate BMI standard for adiposity assessment in OS investigations. Secondly, SHS and obesity were analysed as inductors of OS. The epidemiologic sample involved 330 children. Three BMI (body mass index) references (IOTF, CDC, and WHO) and an impedentiometric scale supplied body-composition measurements. Partecipants filled out a questionnaire and provided urinary samples for biomarker quantifications: isoprostane (15-F2t IsoP) and cotinine as OS and SHS biomarker, respectively. Obesity prevalence changed over different BMI references (14%, 21%, and 34% for IOTF, CDC, and WHO, respectively). Obese children, by IOTF, showed an increase of 56% in 15-F2t IsoP compared to those normal weight ( = 0.020). Children belonging to the third and the fourth cotinine quartile compared to those of the first quartile had higher 15-F2t IsoP (1.45 ng/mg, 95% CI: 1.06⁻1.97, = 0.020 and 2.04 ng/mg, 95% CI: 1.55⁻2.69, < 0.0001, respectively). Obesity assessment in children requires appropriate BMI reference depending on research field. Both SHS exposure and obesity may increase OS in children.