Persistent Parasitemia Despite Dramatic Reduction in Malaria Incidence After 3 Rounds of Indoor Residual Spraying in Tororo, Uganda

Indoor residual spraying of insecticide (IRS) has been associated with reductions in the incidence of malaria, but its impact on malaria parasitemia is unclear. We followed 469 participants from August 2011 to May 2016 in Tororo, Uganda, a historically high malaria transmission setting. Three rounds...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2019-03, Vol.219 (7), p.1104-1111
Main Authors: Nankabirwa, Joaniter I, Briggs, Jessica, Rek, John, Arinaitwe, Emmanuel, Nayebare, Patience, Katrak, Shereen, Staedke, Sarah G, Rosenthal, Philip J, Rodriguez-Barraquer, Isabel, Kamya, Moses R, Dorsey, Grant, Greenhouse, Bryan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Disease Reservoirs
Disease transmission
Gene amplification
Humans
Incidence
Infant
Insecticides
Major and Brief Reports
Malaria
Malaria, Falciparum - blood
Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology
Malaria, Falciparum - prevention & control
Mosquito Control
Mosquito Vectors
Parasitemia
Parasitemia - epidemiology
Phenylcarbamates
Plasmodium falciparum
Prevalence
Spraying
Surveillance
Uganda - epidemiology
Young Adult
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Summary:Indoor residual spraying of insecticide (IRS) has been associated with reductions in the incidence of malaria, but its impact on malaria parasitemia is unclear. We followed 469 participants from August 2011 to May 2016 in Tororo, Uganda, a historically high malaria transmission setting. Three rounds of IRS with bendiocarb were implemented from December 2014 to December 2015. Symptomatic malaria episodes were identified by passive surveillance. Parasitemia was identified by active surveillance every 1-3 months using microscopy and Plasmodium falciparum-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification. IRS was associated with a significant decline in the incidence of symptomatic malaria irrespective of age (episodes per person per year declined from 3.98 to 0.13 in children aged
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiy628