Cancer-associated fibroblasts enhance tumor-associated macrophages enrichment and suppress NK cells function in colorectal cancer

• Published in: Cell death & disease 2019-03, Vol.10 (4), p.273-273, Article 273
• Main Authors: Zhang, Rongsheng, Qi, Fan, Zhao, Fei, Li, Geng, Shao, Shengli, Zhang, Xiaochao, Yuan, Lifei, Feng, Yongdong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 13/109; 13/21; 13/31; 13/51; 13/89; 14/1; 14/34; 38/22; 38/44; 38/77; 631/250/98; 631/67/327; Animals; Antibodies; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts - metabolism; Cell Adhesion; Cell Biology; Cell Culture; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Polarity; Coculture Techniques; Colorectal cancer; Colorectal carcinoma; Colorectal Neoplasms - metabolism; Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology; Fibroblasts; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Heterografts; Humans; Immunology; Interleukin 8; Interleukin-8 - metabolism; Killer Cells, Natural - immunology; Life Sciences; Macrophages; Macrophages - metabolism; Metastases; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Monocytes; Monocytes - metabolism; Natural killer cells; SDF-1 protein; Synergism; Tumor Burden - genetics; Tumor cells; Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - genetics; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - metabolism
• ISSN: 2041-4889; 2041-4889
• DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1435-2

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are important components of the tumor microenvironment, which have been reported to localize in colorectal carcinomas where they promote tumor progression. One of the crucial effects they exerted is immune-suppression, which was reported recently, however, the overall mechanism has not been fully addressed. In this study, it was shown that TAMs were enriched in colorectal cancer, and their infiltration was associated with VCAM-1 expression. Human colorectal cancer-derived CAFs can promote the adhesion of monocytes by up-regulating VCAM-1 expression in colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, CAFs can attract monocytes by secreting IL-8 rather than SDF-1 and subsequently promote M2 polarization of macrophages, which synergize with CAFs in suppressing the functioning of natural killer (NK) cells. It was also found that CAFs promoted M2 macrophages recruitment in tumor tissue in vivo, and after VCAM-1 knocking-down in tumor cells or depletion of macrophages, the pro-tumor effect of CAFs was partly abolished, but no change was observed in NK cells infiltration. Collectively, the findings in this work show that TAMs and CAFs function synergistically in the tumor microenvironment and have the capacity to regulate NK cells in colorectal cancer and this presents a novel mechanism.