Photobiomodulation Enhances the Angiogenic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Mitigate Radiation-Induced Enteropathy

Radiation-induced enteropathy remains a major complication after accidental or therapeutic exposure to ionizing radiation. Recent evidence suggests that intestinal microvascular damage significantly affects the development of radiation enteropathy. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a promising...

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Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2019-03, Vol.20 (5), p.1131
Main Authors: Kim, Kyuchang, Lee, Janet, Jang, Hyosun, Park, Sunhoo, Na, Jiyoung, Myung, Jae Kyung, Kim, Min-Jung, Jang, Won-Suk, Lee, Sun-Joo, Kim, Hyewon, Myung, Hyunwook, Kang, JiHoon, Shim, Sehwan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Animal models
Apoptosis
Endothelial cells
Fibroblasts
Gene expression
Intestine
Ischemia
Light therapy
Mesenchymal stem cells
Near infrared radiation
Preconditioning
Progenitor cells
Radiation effects
Radiation injuries
Stem cell transplantation
Stem cells
Therapeutic applications
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Summary:Radiation-induced enteropathy remains a major complication after accidental or therapeutic exposure to ionizing radiation. Recent evidence suggests that intestinal microvascular damage significantly affects the development of radiation enteropathy. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a promising tool to regenerate various tissues, including skin and intestine. Further, photobiomodulation (PBM), or low-level light therapy, can accelerate wound healing, especially by stimulating angiogenesis, and stem cells are particularly susceptible to PBM. Here, we explored the effect of PBM on the therapeutic potential of MSCs for the management of radiation enteropathy. In vitro, using human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs, PBM increased proliferation and self-renewal. Intriguingly, the conditioned medium from MSCs treated with PBM attenuated irradiation-induced apoptosis and impaired tube formation in vascular endothelial cells, and these protective effects were associated with the upregulation of several angiogenic factors. In a mouse model of radiation-induced enteropathy, treatment with PBM-preconditioned MSCs alleviated mucosal destruction, improved crypt cell proliferation and epithelial barrier functions, and significantly attenuated the loss of microvascular endothelial cells in the irradiated intestinal mucosa. This treatment also significantly increased angiogenesis in the lamina propria. Together, we suggest that PBM enhances the angiogenic potential of MSCs, leading to improved therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of radiation-induced enteropathy.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms20051131