Energy metabolism in cachexia

Cachexia is a wasting disorder that accompanies many chronic diseases including cancer and results from an imbalance of energy requirements and energy uptake. In cancer cachexia, tumor‐secreted factors and/or tumor–host interactions cause this imbalance, leading to loss of adipose tissue and skeleta...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:EMBO reports 2019-04, Vol.20 (4), p.n/a
Main Authors: Rohm, Maria, Zeigerer, Anja, Machado, Juliano, Herzig, Stephan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Animals
Cachexia
Cachexia - etiology
Cachexia - metabolism
Cancer
Cardiac muscle
Chronic illnesses
EMBO03
EMBO21
Energy
Energy Metabolism
Energy requirements
Gastrointestinal Absorption
Humans
inflammation
Liver
Liver - metabolism
Metabolism
Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
Muscles
Neoplasms - complications
Neoplasms - metabolism
Organ Specificity
Organs
Review
Reviews
Skeletal muscle
Tumors
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Summary:Cachexia is a wasting disorder that accompanies many chronic diseases including cancer and results from an imbalance of energy requirements and energy uptake. In cancer cachexia, tumor‐secreted factors and/or tumor–host interactions cause this imbalance, leading to loss of adipose tissue and skeletal and cardiac muscle, which weakens the body. In this review, we discuss how energy enters the body and is utilized by the different organs, including the gut, liver, adipose tissue, and muscle, and how these organs contribute to the energy wasting observed in cachexia. We also discuss futile cycles both between the organs and within the cells, which are often used to fine‐tune energy supply under physiologic conditions. Ultimately, understanding the complex interplay of pathologic energy‐wasting circuits in cachexia can bring us closer to identifying effective treatment strategies for this devastating wasting disease. Graphical Abstract This review discusses the contribution of different organs to energy wasting in cachexia, as well as the complex interplay of futile energy‐wasting circuits between organs and within cells.
ISSN:1469-221X
1469-3178
DOI:10.15252/embr.201847258