Health-related quality of life in Indonesian type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatients measured with the Bahasa version of EQ-5D

• Published in: Quality of life research 2019-05, Vol.28 (5), p.1179-1190
• Main Authors: Arifin, Bustanul, Idrus, Lusiana Rusdi, van Asselt, Antoinette D. I., Purba, Fredrick Dermawan, Perwitasari, Dyah Aryani, Thobari, Jarir At, Cao, Qi, Krabbe, Paul F. M., Postma, Maarten J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Clinics; Diabetes; Economic theory; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Public Health; Quality of life; Quality of Life Research; Regression analysis; Sociodemographics; Sociology; UTILITIES; Women
• ISSN: 0962-9343; 1573-2649
• DOI: 10.1007/s11136-019-02105-z

Objectives To present EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) index scores in Indonesian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) outpatients and to investigate the associations between EQ-5D and socio-demographic characteristics and clinical condition. Methods Socio-demographic data were collected by interviewing participants, clinical data were obtained from treating physicians and self-reporting. Participants originated from primary and secondary care facilities in the Java and Sulawesi regions. Ordinal regression analysis was conducted with the quintiles of the EQ-5D index scores as the dependent variable to investigate the multivariate association with the participants’ socio-demographic characteristics and clinical condition. Results 907 participants completed the five-level Indonesian version of the EQ-5D. The mean age of the participants was 59.3 (SD 9.7), and 57% were female. The overall EQ-5D index score was 0.77 (0.75–0.79). Male participants had a higher EQ-5D index score compared to females, and the highest percentage of self-reported health problems was in the pain/discomfort dimension (61%). Factors identified as being significantly associated with lower EQ-5D index scores were: (i) treatment in secondary care, (ii) lower educational level, (iii) dependency on caregivers, (iv) not undergoing T2DM therapy, and (v) being a housewife. Conclusion This study provides estimates of EQ-5D index scores that can be used in health economic evaluations. As housewives were found to experience more T2DM-related pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression, targeted approaches to reduce these problems should be aimed specifically at this group of patients. Potential approaches could involve disease-specific-counselors (health literacy partners) who provide routine monitoring of T2DM therapy as well as improved health promotion among T2DM communities.