Young adult longitudinal patterns of marijuana use among US National samples of 12th grade frequent marijuana users: a repeated‐measures latent class analysis

Background and Aims Long‐term frequent marijuana use is associated with significant negative outcomes, yet little is known about the longitudinal course of marijuana use among those who start frequent use during adolescence. Objectives are (a) to identify latent patterns of within‐person marijuana u...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Addiction (Abingdon, England) England), 2019-06, Vol.114 (6), p.1035-1048
Main Authors: Terry‐McElrath, Yvonne M., O'Malley, Patrick M., Johnston, Lloyd D., Schulenberg, John E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescents
Age
Cannabis
Child & adolescent psychiatry
Demographics
Demography
Drug addiction
Drug use
Frequent use
Latent class analysis
longitudinal analysis
Males
Marijuana
Marriage
Membership
Men
Panel data
Parents & parenting
repeated-measures latent class analysis
social roles
Teenagers
Within-subjects design
young adult
Young adults
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Summary:Background and Aims Long‐term frequent marijuana use is associated with significant negative outcomes, yet little is known about the longitudinal course of marijuana use among those who start frequent use during adolescence. Objectives are (a) to identify latent patterns of within‐person marijuana use from ages 19–30 years among 12th graders reporting frequent marijuana use, (b) to examine if membership in identified patterns has changed across historical time and (c) to examine if key covariates differentiate class membership. Design, Setting, Participants Longitudinal, national US panel data from 4423 individuals [53.4% of the eligible sample; 2744 (62%) males] who reported frequent marijuana use in 12th grade (modal age 18 years; senior year cohorts 1976–2006) followed biennially from ages 19/20 to 29/30. Measurements Self‐reported past 30‐day marijuana use (frequent use defined as use on 20+ occasions), demographics, college graduation, marriage and parenthood. Findings Repeated‐measures latent class analysis (RMLCA) identified five latent classes of past 30‐day marijuana use from ages 19/20 to 29/30: continued frequent users (estimated membership 23.4%); frequent to non‐frequent users (15.5%); consistent non‐frequent users (18.4%); non‐frequent users to discontinuers (19.5%); and discontinuers (23.2%). In multivariable models, membership in the highest‐risk latent class (continued frequent users) versus one or more of the lower‐risk latent classes was more likely for recent cohorts (P = 0.038 to
ISSN:0965-2140
1360-0443
DOI:10.1111/add.14548