Photosensitizers in antibacterial photodynamic therapy: an overview

Antibacterial Photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a process utilizing light and light sensitive agents (namedphotosensitizer (PS)) and is usually applied in an oxygen-rich environment.The energy of the photons is absorbed by the photosensitizer and subsequently transferred to surroundingmolecules. Conseq...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:LASER THERAPY 2018/12/28, Vol.27(4), pp.293-302
Main Authors: Ghorbani, Jaber, Rahban, Dariush, Aghamiri, Shahin, Teymouri, Alireza, Bahador, Abbas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy
APDT
Curcumin
methylene blue
Nano-structure
Nanostructures
Photosensitizer
Porphyrins
Review
Toluidine blue
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Summary:Antibacterial Photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a process utilizing light and light sensitive agents (namedphotosensitizer (PS)) and is usually applied in an oxygen-rich environment.The energy of the photons is absorbed by the photosensitizer and subsequently transferred to surroundingmolecules. Consequently, reactive oxygen species and free radicals are formed. These oxidative moleculescan damage bacterial macromolecules such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids and may result inbacterial killing. Unlike antibiotics, APDT as a novel technique does not lead to the selection of mutantresistant strains, hence it has appealed to researchers in this field.The type of PS used in APDT is a major determinant regarding outcome. In this review, various types ofPS that are used in antimicrobial Photodynamic therapy will be discussed. PSs are classified based on theirchemical structure and origin. Synthetic dyes such as methylene blue and toluidine blue are the mostcommonly used photosensitizers in Antibacterial Photodynamic therapy (APDT). Other photosensitizersincluding natural PSs (e.g. curcumin and hypericin) and tetra-pyrrole structures like phthalocyanines andporphyrins have also been studied. Furthermore, nanostructures and their probable contribution to APDTwill be discussed.
ISSN:0898-5901
1884-7269
DOI:10.5978/islsm.27_18-RA-01