Efficacy of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in Photodynamic Detection and Photodynamic Therapy in Veterinary Medicine

5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), a commonly used photosensitizer in photodynamic detection (PDD) and therapy (PDT), is converted in situ to the established photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) via the heme biosynthetic pathway. To extend 5-ALA-PDT application, we evaluated the PpIX fluorescence in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2019-04, Vol.11 (4), p.495
Main Authors: Osaki, Tomohiro, Yokoe, Inoru, Sunden, Yuji, Ota, Urara, Ichikawa, Tomoki, Imazato, Hideo, Ishii, Takuya, Takahashi, Kiwamu, Ishizuka, Masahiro, Tanaka, Tohru, Li, Liming, Yamashita, Masamichi, Murahata, Yusuke, Tsuka, Takeshi, Azuma, Kazuo, Ito, Norihiko, Imagawa, Tomohiro, Okamoto, Yoshiharu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aminolevulinic acid
Apoptosis
Bladder
Brain cancer
Carcinoma
Chemotherapy
Cytotoxicity
Ferrochelatase
Gene expression
Heme
Intracellular
Photodynamic therapy
Protoporphyrin
Protoporphyrin IX
Sarcoma
Tumor cells
Tumors
Urogenital system
Veterinary medicine
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Summary:5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), a commonly used photosensitizer in photodynamic detection (PDD) and therapy (PDT), is converted in situ to the established photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) via the heme biosynthetic pathway. To extend 5-ALA-PDT application, we evaluated the PpIX fluorescence induced by exogenous 5-ALA in various veterinary tumors and treated canine and feline tumors. 5-ALA-PDD sensitivity and specificity in the whole sample group for dogs and cats combined were 89.5 and 50%, respectively. Notably, some small tumors disappeared upon 5-ALA-PDT. Although single PDT application was not curative, repeated PDT+/-chemotherapy achieved long-term tumor control. We analyzed the relationship between intracellular PpIX concentration and 5-ALA-PDT in vitro cytotoxicity using various primary tumor cells and determined the correlation between intracellular PpIX concentration and 5-ALA transporter and metabolic enzyme mRNA expression levels. 5-ALA-PDT cytotoxicity in vitro correlated with intracellular PpIX concentration in carcinomas. Ferrochelatase mRNA expression levels strongly negatively correlated with PpIX accumulation, representing the first report of a correlation between mRNA expression related to PpIX accumulation and PpIX concentration in canine tumor cells. Our findings suggested that the results of 5-ALA-PDD might be predictive for 5-ALA-PDT therapeutic effects for carcinomas, with 5-ALA-PDT plus chemotherapy potentially increasing the probability of tumor control in veterinary medicine.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers11040495