Association between Dietary Salt Intake and Progression in the Gastric Precancerous Process

Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Studies investigating the effect of salt on gastric cancer have mainly used self-reported measures, which are not as accurate as sodium/creatinine ratios because individuals may not know the amount of salt in their food. Using...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2019-04, Vol.11 (4), p.467
Main Authors: Thapa, Susan, Fischbach, Lori A, Delongchamp, Robert, Faramawi, Mohammed F, Orloff, Mohammed
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
20th century
Creatinine
Dietary intake
Dogs
Dysplasia
Estimates
Food preservation
Gastric cancer
Helicobacter pylori
Infections
Mortality
Salt
Socioeconomic factors
Sodium
Urine
Vegetables
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Summary:Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Studies investigating the effect of salt on gastric cancer have mainly used self-reported measures, which are not as accurate as sodium/creatinine ratios because individuals may not know the amount of salt in their food. Using data from a prospective cohort study, we investigated the effect of salt intake on progression to gastric precancerous lesions. Salt intake was estimated by urinary sodium/creatinine ratios, self-reported frequencies of adding salt to food, and total added table salt. We repeated the analyses among groups with and without infection. We did not observe a positive association between salt intake, measured by urinary sodium/creatinine ratio, and overall progression in the gastric precancerous process (adjusted risk ratio (RR): 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-1.15). We did observe an association between salt intake and increased risk for progression to dysplasia or gastric cancer overall (adjusted risk ratio (RR): 1.32; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.96-1.81), especially among those who continued to have infection at the five-month follow-up (adjusted RR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.12-2.09), and among those who had persistent infection over 12 years (adjusted RR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.09-2.05). Salt intake may increase the risk of gastric dysplasia or gastric cancer in individuals with infection.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers11040467