Low frequency Raman Spectroscopy for micron-scale and in vivo characterization of elemental sulfur in microbial samples

Elemental sulfur (S(0)) is an important intermediate of the sulfur cycle and is generated by chemical and biological sulfide oxidation. Raman spectromicroscopy can be applied to environmental samples for the detection of S(0), as a practical non-destructive micron-scale method for use on wet materia...

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Published in:Scientific reports 2019-05, Vol.9 (1), p.7971-7971, Article 7971
Main Authors: Nims, Christine, Cron, Brandi, Wetherington, Maxwell, Macalady, Jennifer, Cosmidis, Julie
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Language:English
Subjects:
14/28
14/63
140/133
631/45/47/4112
639/301/930/12
704/47/4112
Humanities and Social Sciences
Intracellular
multidisciplinary
Oxidation
Oxidation-Reduction
Raman spectroscopy
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Spectroscopy
Spectrum analysis
Spectrum Analysis, Raman - methods
Sulfides
Sulfur
Sulfur - analysis
Sulfur - metabolism
Sulfur cycle
Thiothrix
Thiothrix - chemistry
Thiothrix - metabolism
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Wetherington, Maxwell
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description Elemental sulfur (S(0)) is an important intermediate of the sulfur cycle and is generated by chemical and biological sulfide oxidation. Raman spectromicroscopy can be applied to environmental samples for the detection of S(0), as a practical non-destructive micron-scale method for use on wet material and living cells. Technical advances in filter materials enable the acquisition of ultra-low frequency (ULF) Raman measurements in the 10–100 cm −1 range using a single-stage spectrometer. Here we demonstrate the potency of ULF Raman spectromicroscopy to harness the external vibrational modes of previously unrecognized S(0) structures present in environmental samples. We investigate the chemical and structural nature of intracellular S(0) granules stored within environmental mats of sulfur-oxidizing γ-Proteobacteria ( Thiothrix) . In vivo intracellular ULF scans indicate the presence of amorphous cyclooctasulfur (S 8 ), clarifying enduring uncertainties regarding the content of microbial sulfur storage globules. Raman scattering of extracellular sulfur clusters in Thiothrix mats furthermore reveals an unexpected abundance of metastable β-S 8 and γ-S 8 , in addition to the stable α-S 8 allotrope. We propose ULF Raman spectroscopy as a powerful method for the micron-scale determination of S(0) structure in natural and laboratory systems, with a promising potential to shine new light on environmental microbial and chemical sulfur cycling mechanisms.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41598-019-44353-6
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subjects 14/28
14/63
140/133
631/45/47/4112
639/301/930/12
704/47/4112
Humanities and Social Sciences
Intracellular
multidisciplinary
Oxidation
Oxidation-Reduction
Raman spectroscopy
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Spectroscopy
Spectrum analysis
Spectrum Analysis, Raman - methods
Sulfides
Sulfur
Sulfur - analysis
Sulfur - metabolism
Sulfur cycle
Thiothrix
Thiothrix - chemistry
Thiothrix - metabolism
title Low frequency Raman Spectroscopy for micron-scale and in vivo characterization of elemental sulfur in microbial samples
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