Intake of cocoa products and risk of type-2 diabetes: the multiethnic cohort

Background/objectives As cocoa products may be protective against chronic disease due to their polyphenol content, the current study determined the association of chocolate consumption and flavanol intake with type-2 diabetes (T2D) incidence in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study. Subjects/methods Th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of clinical nutrition 2019-05, Vol.73 (5), p.671-678
Main Authors: Maskarinec, Gertraud, Jacobs, Simone, Shvetsov, Yurii, Boushey, Carol J., Setiawan, Veronica W., Kolonel, Laurence N., Haiman, Christopher A., Le Marchand, Loïc
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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692/699/2743/137/773
Aged
Beverages
Cacao
Chocolate
Chronic illnesses
Clinical Nutrition
Cocoa
Cohort Studies
Confectionery
Confidence intervals
Consumption
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - ethnology
Diet
Dietary intake
Epidemiology
Ethnic Groups
Female
Flavanols
Humans
Incidence
Internal Medicine
Japan - epidemiology
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Middle Aged
Public Health
Regression analysis
Risk
Risk Factors
Risk management
Statistical analysis
Sugar
Surveys and Questionnaires
United States - epidemiology
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Summary:Background/objectives As cocoa products may be protective against chronic disease due to their polyphenol content, the current study determined the association of chocolate consumption and flavanol intake with type-2 diabetes (T2D) incidence in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study. Subjects/methods The analysis included 151,691 participants of Native Hawaiian, Japanese American, Latino, African American, and white ancestry with 8487 incident T2D cases after 7.8 ± 3.5 years of follow-up. T2D status was based on three self-reports and confirmed by at least one of three administrative data sources. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and flavanols from cocoa products were estimated from self-reported consumption of chocolate candy and drinks. Cox hazard regression, adjusted for potential confounders was applied to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results For chocolate candy, both the highest vs. lowest (≥10 vs.
ISSN:0954-3007
1476-5640
DOI:10.1038/s41430-018-0188-9