Neutrophil Elastase Activity Imaging: Recent Approaches in the Design and Applications of Activity-Based Probes and Substrate-Based Probes

The last few decades of protease research has confirmed that a number of important biological processes are strictly dependent on proteolysis. Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a critical protease in immune response and host defense mechanisms in both physiological and disease-associated conditions. Parti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Contrast media and molecular imaging 2019-01, Vol.2019 (2019), p.1-12
Main Authors: Mellet, Philippe, Bentaher, Abderrazzak, Voisin, Pierre, Jugniot, Natacha
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biochemistry
Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
Bioengineering
Biological activity
Biomarkers
Cancer
Contrast agents
Cystic fibrosis
Disease
Disease detection
Elastase
Enzymatic activity
Enzymes
Imaging
Immune response
Immune system
In vivo methods and tests
Inflammation
Inflammatory diseases
Life Sciences
Lung diseases
Measuring instruments
Medical imaging
Neutrophils
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Pathogens
Pharmaceutical sciences
Precision medicine
Probes
Protease
Proteolysis
Review
Substrate inhibition
Substrates
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Summary:The last few decades of protease research has confirmed that a number of important biological processes are strictly dependent on proteolysis. Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a critical protease in immune response and host defense mechanisms in both physiological and disease-associated conditions. Particularly, NE has been identified as a promising biomarker for early diagnosis of lung inflammation. Recent studies have shown an increasing interest in developing methods for NE activity imaging both in vitro and in vivo. Unlike anatomical imaging modalities, functional molecular imaging, including enzymatic activities, enables disease detection at a very early stage and thus constitutes a much more accurate approach. When combined with advanced imaging technologies, opportunities arise for measuring imbalanced proteolytic activities with unprecedented details. Such technologies consist in building the highest resolved and sensitive instruments as well as the most specific probes based either on peptide substrates or on covalent inhibitors. This review outlines strengths and weaknesses of these technologies and discuss their applications to investigate NE activity as biomarker of pulmonary inflammatory diseases by imaging.
ISSN:1555-4309
1555-4317
DOI:10.1155/2019/7417192