Deciphering the Origin and Evolution of the X1X2Y System in Two Closely-Related Oplegnathus Species (Oplegnathidae and Centrarchiformes)

Oplegnathus fasciatus and O. punctatus (Teleostei: Centrarchiformes: Oplegnathidae), are commercially important rocky reef fishes, endemic to East Asia. Both species present an X1X2Y sex chromosome system. Here, we investigated the evolutionary forces behind the origin and differentiation of these s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2019-07, Vol.20 (14), p.3571
Main Authors: Xu, Dongdong, Sember, Alexandr, Zhu, Qihui, Oliveira, Ezequiel Aguiar de, Liehr, Thomas, Al-Rikabi, Ahmed B. H., Xiao, Zhizhong, Song, Hongbin, Cioffi, Marcelo de Bello
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological evolution
Chromosome rearrangements
Chromosomes
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Differentiation
DNA
DNA probes
Emergence
Evolution
Fish
Genomes
Genomic in situ hybridization
Hybridization
Karyotypes
Males
Sex chromosomes
Sexes
Supernumerary
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Summary:Oplegnathus fasciatus and O. punctatus (Teleostei: Centrarchiformes: Oplegnathidae), are commercially important rocky reef fishes, endemic to East Asia. Both species present an X1X2Y sex chromosome system. Here, we investigated the evolutionary forces behind the origin and differentiation of these sex chromosomes, with the aim to elucidate whether they had a single or convergent origin. To achieve this, conventional and molecular cytogenetic protocols, involving the mapping of repetitive DNA markers, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and whole chromosome painting (WCP) were applied. Both species presented similar 2n, karyotype structure and hybridization patterns of repetitive DNA classes. 5S rDNA loci, besides being placed on the autosomal pair 22, resided in the terminal region of the long arms of both X1 chromosomes in females, and on the X1 and Y chromosomes in males. Furthermore, WCP experiments with a probe derived from the Y chromosome of O. fasciatus (OFAS-Y) entirely painted the X1 and X2 chromosomes in females and the X1, X2, and Y chromosomes in males of both species. CGH failed to reveal any sign of sequence differentiation on the Y chromosome in both species, thereby suggesting the shared early stage of neo-Y chromosome differentiation. Altogether, the present findings confirmed the origin of the X1X2Y sex chromosomes via Y-autosome centric fusion and strongly suggested their common origin.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms20143571