Recent insights on the role and regulation of retinoic acid signaling during epicardial development

The vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, carries out essential and conserved roles in vertebrate heart development. Retinoic acid signals via retinoic acid receptors (RAR)/retinoid X receptors (RXRs) heterodimers to induce the expression of genes that control cell fate specification, proliferation,...

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Published in:Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) N.Y. : 2000), 2019-07, Vol.57 (7-8), p.e23303-n/a
Main Authors: Wang, Suya, Moise, Alexander R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Animals
Cell differentiation
Cell fate
congenital heart defects
Embryos
epicardium
Fetuses
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
heart development
Humans
Metabolism
Pericardium - embryology
Pericardium - metabolism
Receptors
Receptors, Retinoic Acid - genetics
Receptors, Retinoic Acid - metabolism
Retinene
Retinoic acid
Retinoic acid receptors
Retinoid X receptors
Signal Transduction
Tretinoin - metabolism
Vertebrates
Vitamin A
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Summary:The vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, carries out essential and conserved roles in vertebrate heart development. Retinoic acid signals via retinoic acid receptors (RAR)/retinoid X receptors (RXRs) heterodimers to induce the expression of genes that control cell fate specification, proliferation, and differentiation. Alterations in retinoic acid levels are often associated with congenital heart defects. Therefore, embryonic levels of retinoic acid need to be carefully regulated through the activity of enzymes, binding proteins and transporters involved in vitamin A metabolism. Here, we review evidence of the complex mechanisms that control the fetal uptake and synthesis of retinoic acid from vitamin A precursors. Next, we highlight recent evidence of the role of retinoic acid in orchestrating myocardial compact zone growth and coronary vascular development.
ISSN:1526-954X
1526-968X
DOI:10.1002/dvg.23303