Obesity and the Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers

Obesity is a risk factor for all major gastrointestinal cancers. With the rapid increase in the prevalence of obesity worldwide, this link could lead to an elevated burden of cancers of the digestive system. Currently, three main mechanisms explaining the link between excess adiposity and gastrointe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Digestive diseases and sciences 2019-10, Vol.64 (10), p.2740-2749
Main Authors: Karczewski, Jacek, Begier-Krasińska, Beata, Staszewski, Rafał, Popławska, Edyta, Gulczynska-Elhadi, Katarzyna, Dobrowolska, Agnieszka
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adiposity
B cells
Biochemistry
Body mass index
Cancer
Carcinogenesis - immunology
Carcinogenesis - metabolism
Development and progression
Epidemiology
Gastroenterology
Gastrointestinal cancer
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms - epidemiology
Gastrointestinal surgery
Health aspects
Health risk assessment
Hepatology
Humans
Inflammation
Insulin
Insulin-like growth factors
Kinases
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Obesity
Obesity - epidemiology
Obesity - immunology
Obesity - metabolism
Oncology
Review
Risk Factors
Transplant Surgery
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Summary:Obesity is a risk factor for all major gastrointestinal cancers. With the rapid increase in the prevalence of obesity worldwide, this link could lead to an elevated burden of cancers of the digestive system. Currently, three main mechanisms explaining the link between excess adiposity and gastrointestinal cancer risk are being considered, including altered insulin signaling, obesity-associated chronic low-grade inflammation, and altered sex hormone metabolism, although new potential mechanisms emerge. This review is aimed to present our current knowledge on biological mechanisms involved in adiposity-related gastrointestinal carcinogenesis supported by results collected in epidemiological studies.
ISSN:0163-2116
1573-2568
DOI:10.1007/s10620-019-05603-9