Overlapping protein-coding genes in human genome and their coincidental expression in tissues

The completion of human genome sequences and the advancement of next-generation sequencing technologies have engendered a clear understanding of all human genes. Overlapping genes are usually observed in compact genomes, such as those of bacteria and viruses. Notably, overlapping protein-coding gene...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2019-09, Vol.9 (1), p.13377-10, Article 13377
Main Authors: Chen, Chao-Hsin, Pan, Chao-Yu, Lin, Wen-chang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
119/118
631/114/2184
631/1647/48
Aquatic life
Databases, Genetic
Genes
Genes, Overlapping - genetics
Genome, Human - genetics
Genomes
Genomics
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
multidisciplinary
Next-generation sequencing
Open Reading Frames
Phylogeny
Proteins
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
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Summary:The completion of human genome sequences and the advancement of next-generation sequencing technologies have engendered a clear understanding of all human genes. Overlapping genes are usually observed in compact genomes, such as those of bacteria and viruses. Notably, overlapping protein-coding genes do exist in human genome sequences. Accordingly, we used the current Ensembl gene annotations to identify overlapping human protein-coding genes. We analysed 19,200 well-annotated protein-coding genes and determined that 4,951 protein-coding genes overlapped with their adjacent genes. Approximately a quarter of all human protein-coding genes were overlapping genes. We observed different clusters of overlapping protein-coding genes, ranging from two genes (paired overlapping genes) to 22 genes. We also divided the paired overlapping protein-coding gene groups into four subtypes. We found that the divergent overlapping gene subtype had a stronger expression association than did the subtypes of 5ʹ-tandem overlapping and 3ʹ-tandem overlapping genes. The majority of paired overlapping genes exhibited comparable coincidental tissue expression profiles; however, a few overlapping gene pairs displayed distinctive tissue expression association patterns. In summary, we have carefully examined the genomic features and distributions about human overlapping protein-coding genes and found coincidental expression in tissues for most overlapping protein-coding genes.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-019-49802-w