Inflammation-related biomarkers in major psychiatric disorders: a cross-disorder assessment of reproducibility and specificity in 43 meta-analyses

Inflammation is a natural defence response of the immune system against environmental insult, stress and injury, but hyper- and hypo-inflammatory responses can trigger diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation is involved in multiple psychiatric disorders. Using inflammation-related...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Translational psychiatry 2019-09, Vol.9 (1), p.233-13, Article 233
Main Authors: Yuan, Ning, Chen, Yu, Xia, Yan, Dai, Jiacheng, Liu, Chunyu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Behavioral Sciences
Biological Psychology
Biomarkers
Humans
Inflammation
Inflammation - genetics
Inflammation - metabolism
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mental disorders
Mental Disorders - genetics
Mental Disorders - metabolism
Meta-analysis
Meta-Analysis as Topic
Neurosciences
Pharmacotherapy
Psychiatry
Reproducibility
Reproducibility of Results
Review
Review Article
Sensitivity and Specificity
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Summary:Inflammation is a natural defence response of the immune system against environmental insult, stress and injury, but hyper- and hypo-inflammatory responses can trigger diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation is involved in multiple psychiatric disorders. Using inflammation-related factors as biomarkers of psychiatric disorders requires the proof of reproducibility and specificity of the changes in different disorders, which remains to be established. We performed a cross-disorder study by systematically evaluating the meta-analysis results of inflammation-related factors in eight major psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), major depression disorder (MDD), post-trauma stress disorder (PTSD), sleeping disorder (SD), obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and suicide. A total of 43 meta-analyses involving 704 publications on 44 inflammation-related factors were included in the study. We calculated the effect size and statistical power for every inflammation-related factor in each disorder. Our analyses showed that well-powered case–control studies provided more consistent results than underpowered studies when one factor was meta-analysed by different researchers. After removing underpowered studies, 30 of the 44 inflammation-related factors showed significant alterations in at least one disorder based on well-powered meta-analyses. Eleven of them changed in patients of more than two disorders when compared with the controls. A few inflammation-related factors showed unique changes in specific disorders (e.g., IL-4 increased in BD, decreased in suicide, but had no change in MDD, ASD, PTSD and SCZ). MDD had the largest number of changes while SD has the least. Clustering analysis showed that closely related disorders share similar patterns of inflammatory changes, as genome-wide genetic studies have found. According to the effect size obtained from the meta-analyses, 13 inflammation-related factors would need
ISSN:2158-3188
2158-3188
DOI:10.1038/s41398-019-0570-y