Antibacterial Effect of Curcumin against Clinically Isolated Porphyromonas gingivalis and Connective Tissue Reactions to Curcumin Gel in the Subcutaneous Tissue of Rats

• Published in: BioMed research international 2019, Vol.2019 (2019), p.1-14
• Main Authors: Sha, Aram Mohammed, Garib, Balkees Taha
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal tissues; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibacterial agents; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial agents; Bacterial infections; Biochemical tests; Biocompatibility; Biocompatible Materials - pharmacology; Biomedical materials; Biomedical research; Chronic Periodontitis - drug therapy; Chronic Periodontitis - microbiology; Collagen; Connective Tissue - drug effects; Connective tissues; Curcumin; Curcumin - pharmacology; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Diabetes; Dilution; DNA; Gels - pharmacology; Gene expression; Genetic testing; Humans; Infections; Inflammation; Laboratories; Life sciences; Male; Metronidazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests - methods; Microorganisms; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Morphology; Natural products; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Porphyromonas gingivalis - drug effects; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Researchers; rRNA 16S; Scars; Skin; Subcutaneous Fat - drug effects; Subcutaneous Tissue - drug effects; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines; Tubes; Wound healing
• ISSN: 2314-6133; 2314-6141
• DOI: 10.1155/2019/6810936

The aim of this study was to find the antibacterial potential of curcumin against Porphyromonas gingivalis and connective tissue responses to curcumin gel in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. The sample consisted of subgingival plaque collected from patients with chronic periodontitis. The P. gingivalis clinically isolated strain was confirmed by anaerobic culture, morphology, biochemical tests (Vitek ANC Kit), and PCR (16S rDNA). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by incubation of twofold serial dilution of broth media containing curcumin (from 100 to 0.05 µg/ml) for 48 h at 37°C. Fifteen adult Wistar rats (3-4 months old) were used and randomly divided into three groups (negative control, positive control, and experimental groups). Tubes were implanted on the back skin (45 tubes). Rats were euthanized at 7, 30, and 60 days after surgical processes, and then the samples were taken and processed to achieve conventional hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides. The MIC and MBC of curcumin against clinically isolated P. gingivalis were 12 µg/ml. Curcumin gel caused moderate inflammatory reactions at 7 and 30 days, while at 60 days, it caused dramatic decline and resulted in a nonsignificant response. Besides, curcumin gel stimulated quick reepithelialization, fibroblast proliferation, and scarring through the formation of thick bundles of well-organized collagen fibers. Curcumin has an effective antibacterial action against clinically isolated P. gingivalis at low concentration (12 µg/ml), and it was regarded as the biocompatible material in the subcutaneous tissues.