Depuration of geosmin- and 2-methylisoborneol-induced off-flavors in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) farmed European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus

European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus has increasingly become an important species for aquatic food production, especially in the Nordic countries. Whitefish is produced in traditional cage and pond operations, and in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) in which, unfortunately, off-flavors and o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of food science and technology 2019-10, Vol.56 (10), p.4585-4594
Main Authors: Lindholm-Lehto, P. C., Vielma, J., Pakkanen, H., Alén, R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
2-Methylisoborneol
Aquaculture
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chemistry/Food Science
Coregonus lavaretus
Depuration
Detection limits
Fish
Flavors
Food production
Food Science
Gas chromatography
Geosmin
Headspace
Low concentrations
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Nutrition
Odors
Original
Original Article
Solid phase methods
Solid phases
Water circulation
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Summary:European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus has increasingly become an important species for aquatic food production, especially in the Nordic countries. Whitefish is produced in traditional cage and pond operations, and in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) in which, unfortunately, off-flavors and odors, mostly caused by geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), can accumulate in fish flesh from the circulating water. GSM and MIB have very low human sensory detection limits and, therefore, often disliked by consumers even at low concentrations. In this study, concentrations of GSM and MIB in RAS farmed European whitefish were studied by an analytical method based on headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Concentrations were determined in different parts of fish: fillet, neck, belly, and tail during a depuration period and in depuration water. The highest initial concentrations were on average 32 ng g −1 (GSM) and 24 ng g −1 (MIB) in European whitefish fillet and 128 ng L −1 (GSM) and 94 ng L −1 (MIB) in water, respectively. After a depuration period of 16 days, concentrations decreased to below the detection limits, indicating the importance of the depuration period.
ISSN:0022-1155
0975-8402
DOI:10.1007/s13197-019-03910-7