Disseminated mucormycosis with cerebellum involvement due to Rhizomucor pusillus in a patient with multiple myeloma and secondary myelodysplastic syndrome: A case report

Mucormycosis is an angioinvasive fungal infection with a high mortality rate. Patients with hematological malignancies following voriconazole therapy are at high risk from mucormycosis. Here, the present study reports on a 68-year-old man diagnosed with multiple myeloma and secondary myelodysplastic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental and therapeutic medicine 2019-11, Vol.18 (5), p.4076-4080
Main Authors: Chen, Qiong, Chen, Kuang, Qian, Shenxian, Wu, Shenghai, Xu, Lihui, Huang, Xilian, Shi, Pengfei, Wang, Kaile, Wang, Minmin, Wang, Xianjun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amphotericin B
Antifungal agents
Antiparasitic agents
Bone marrow
Brain
Care and treatment
Case reports
Chemotherapy
Fever
Fungal infections
Gastrointestinal system
Health aspects
Hospitals
Immunocompromised host
Infection
Infections
Iran
Laboratories
Meropenem
Methenamine
Mortality
Mucormycosis
Multiple myeloma
Mycoses
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Patients
Posaconazole
Skin
Thrombosis
Vincristine
Voriconazole
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Summary:Mucormycosis is an angioinvasive fungal infection with a high mortality rate. Patients with hematological malignancies following voriconazole therapy are at high risk from mucormycosis. Here, the present study reports on a 68-year-old man diagnosed with multiple myeloma and secondary myelodysplastic syndrome, who was infected with disseminated mucormycosis with cerebellum involvement confirmed by mycological culture and histopathological examination. For patients with hematological malignancies who are receiving antifungal therapy, an opportunistic infection of mucormycosis should be considered if a 'breakthrough' infection occurs in the predilection sites (such as the sinuses, lungs, skin, brain and gastrointestinal tract). It is difficult to diagnose mucormycosis because of the limited reliable detection methods, and because mucormycosis often presents with an acute onset and progresses rapidly, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Antifungal therapy with amphotericin B or posaconazole should be started as soon as possible considering the empirical diagnosis. Key words: mucormycosis, Rhizomucor pusillus, hematological malignancies, mycological culture, autopsy, voriconazole
ISSN:1792-0981
1792-1015
DOI:10.3892/etm.2019.8065