Cigarette use trajectories in young adults: Analyses of predictors across system levels

•This study identified three distinct trajectories of cigarette use in young adults.•The largest group did not use cigarettes or only used experimentally.•Two other groups were those who used early vs. later in emerging young adulthood.•Specific factors within our conceptual framework were predictiv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Drug and alcohol dependence 2018-07, Vol.188, p.281-287
Main Authors: Berg, Carla J., Haardörfer, Regine, Vu, Milkie, Getachew, Betelihem, Lloyd, Steven A., Lanier, Angela, Childs, Donyale, Sandridge, Yasmeni, Bierhoff, Jennifer, Li, Jingjing, Dossantos, Elliyah, Windle, Michael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Addictive behaviors
Adolescent
Adult
Adults
Age of Onset
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Cannabis
Childhood
Children
Cigarette smoking
Cigarette Smoking - epidemiology
Cigarettes
Cigars
College students
Colleges & universities
Correlation analysis
Drug abuse
Drug addiction
Female
Georgia - epidemiology
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Marijuana
Marijuana use
Mental depression
Predictions
Regression analysis
Risk analysis
Risk Factors
Rural communities
Smoking
Smoking - psychology
Smoking - trends
Social interactions
Social support
Students
Students - psychology
Students - statistics & numerical data
Substance abuse
Substance use
Tobacco
Tobacco use
Trajectory analysis
Universities
Urban areas
Young Adult
Young adults
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Summary:•This study identified three distinct trajectories of cigarette use in young adults.•The largest group did not use cigarettes or only used experimentally.•Two other groups were those who used early vs. later in emerging young adulthood.•Specific factors within our conceptual framework were predictive of earlier onset.•Fewer factors significantly predicted the later onset group. Cigarette smoking escalates most in early to middle young adulthood. However, little research has examined a range of multilevel factors in relation to smoking trajectories during this time. We examined: 1) trajectories of cigarette smoking among 2967 US college students (aged 18–25) in a two-year, six-wave longitudinal study (using growth mixture modeling); and 2) intrapersonal- (i.e., other substance use, depressive symptoms, ADHD symptoms,); interpersonal- (i.e., adverse childhood events, social support, parental tobacco and marijuana use), and community-level (i.e., type of college, rural vs. urban setting) predictors of differing trajectories (using multinomial logistic regression). We identified three trajectory classes: 1) Dabblers, who used cigarettes at one point in their life or not at all (85.6%); 2) College Onset Smokers, who began smoking regularly during the college years (6.2%); and 3) Later Onset Smokers, who began smoking during the mid- to late-20 s (8.2%). Multinomial regression (with Dabblers as the reference group) showed that predictors of being College Onset Smokers included being male (p = .031); Asian (p = .001) but not Black (p = .008; Ref: White); early onset smokers (i.e., initiation before age 15; p = .006); past 30-day users of little cigars/cigarillos (p = .024), alcohol (p 
ISSN:0376-8716
1879-0046
DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.055