Evaluation of long-term course in children with eosinophilic esophagitis reveals distinct histologic patterns and clinical characteristics

• Published in: Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 2019-10, Vol.144 (4), p.1050-1057.e5
• Main Authors: Collins, Cathleen A., Palmquist, Jacob, Proudfoot, James A., Qian, Alex, Wangberg, Hannah, Khosh-Hemmat, Emad, Dohil, Ranjan, Aceves, Seema S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Autoimmune diseases; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Children; Chronic illnesses; Diet; Dysphagia; elimination diet; Endoscopy; eosinophil; Eosinophilia; Eosinophilic Esophagitis - pathology; Eosinophilic Esophagitis - therapy; eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorder; Esophageal diseases; Esophagitis; Esophagus; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Food allergies; Gastroenterology; Gastrointestinal diseases; Humans; Infant; Inflammation; Leukocytes (eosinophilic); longitudinal; Male; Medical records; Multivariate analysis; pediatric; Pediatrics; Proton pump inhibitors; Therapy response; Time; topical corticosteroid; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0091-6749; 1097-6825; 1097-6825
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.06.015

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic and increasingly prevalent antigen-driven disease. There is a paucity of information on long-term course in children. We sought to understand the longitudinal trajectory of pediatric EoE during routine clinical care. We prospectively enrolled children into an EoE database and reviewed their medical and pathologic records over 13 years. From 2011 to 2015, 146 children with EoE seen for their first visit at our center had 2 or more years of follow-up and 3 or more endoscopies over an average follow-up period of 5.13 years (range, 2-13 years). Longitudinal eosinophilic inflammation during treatment demonstrated 3 patterns over time. Children with less than 15 eosinophils/high-power field (hpf) for greater than 75% of their follow-up period were termed continuous responders (CRs). Children with waxing and waning inflammation of less than 15 eosinophils/hpf for less than 75% but 25% or more of the follow-up period were termed intermittent responders (IRs). Nonresponders (NRs) were defined as having less than 15 eosinophils/hpf for less than 25% of their follow-up. Fifty-nine (40%) of 146 patients were CRs, 65 (45%) of 146 were IRs, and 22 (15%) of 146 were NRs. CRs differed from IRs and NRs on the parameter of male/female ratio (1:1 in CRs, 4:1 in IRs, and 6:1 in NRs; P