Functional MRI for evaluation of hyaline cartilage extracelullar matrix, a physiopathological-based approach

MRI of articular cartilage (AC) integrity has potential to become a biomarker for osteoarthritis progression. Traditional MRI sequences evaluate AC morphology, allowing for the measurement of thickness and its change over time. In the last two decades, more advanced, dedicated MRI cartilage sequence...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of radiology 2019-11, Vol.92 (1103), p.20190443-20190443
Main Authors: Martín Noguerol, Teodoro, Raya, Jose G, Wessell, Daniel E, Vilanova, Joan C, Rossi, Ignacio, Luna, Antonio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cartilage, Articular - physiology
Contrast Media
Extracellular Matrix - physiology
Gadolinium
Glycosaminoglycans - metabolism
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - standards
Prognosis
Review
Sensitivity and Specificity
Sodium
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:MRI of articular cartilage (AC) integrity has potential to become a biomarker for osteoarthritis progression. Traditional MRI sequences evaluate AC morphology, allowing for the measurement of thickness and its change over time. In the last two decades, more advanced, dedicated MRI cartilage sequences have been developed aiming to assess AC matrix composition non-invasively and detect early changes in cartilage not captured on morphological sequences. T2-mapping and T1ρ sequences can be used to estimate the relaxation times of water inside the AC. These sequences have been introduced into clinical protocols and show promising results for cartilage assessment. Extracelullar matrix can also be assessed using diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging as the movement of water is limited by the presence of extracellular matrix in AC. Specific techniques for glycosaminoglycans (GAG) evaluation, such as delayed gadolinium enhanced MRI of cartilage or Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer imaging of GAG, as well as sodium imaging have also shown utility in the detection of AC damage. This manuscript provides an educational update on the physical principles behind advanced AC MRI techniques as well as a comprehensive review of the strengths and weaknesses of each approach. Current clinical applications and potential future applications of these techniques are also discussed.
ISSN:0007-1285
1748-880X
DOI:10.1259/bjr.20190443