The crosstalk between microbiome and asthma: Exploring associations and challenges

With the advancement of high‐throughput DNA/RNA sequencing and computational analysis techniques, commensal bacteria are now considered almost as important as pathological ones. Understanding the interaction between these bacterial microbiota, host and asthma is crucial to reveal their role in asthm...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical and experimental allergy 2019-08, Vol.49 (8), p.1067-1086
Main Authors: Abdel‐Aziz, Mahmoud I., Vijverberg, Susanne J. H., Neerincx, Anne H., Kraneveld, Aletta D., Maitland‐van der Zee, Anke H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asthma
Asthma - immunology
Asthma - microbiology
Bacteria
Bacteria - immunology
clinical immunology
Computer applications
DNA sequencing
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - immunology
Health risks
Humans
Intestinal microflora
Microbiomes
Microbiota
omics‐ and systems biology
Pathophysiology
regulatory aspects
Respiratory tract
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
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Summary:With the advancement of high‐throughput DNA/RNA sequencing and computational analysis techniques, commensal bacteria are now considered almost as important as pathological ones. Understanding the interaction between these bacterial microbiota, host and asthma is crucial to reveal their role in asthma pathophysiology. Several airway and/or gut microbiome studies have shown associations between certain bacterial taxa and asthma. However, challenges remain before gained knowledge from these studies can be implemented into clinical practice, such as inconsistency between studies in choosing sampling compartments and/or sequencing approaches, variability of results in asthma studies, and not taking into account medication intake and diet composition especially when investigating gut microbiome. Overcoming those challenges will help to better understand the complex asthma disease process. The therapeutic potential of using pro‐ and prebiotics to prevent or reduce risk of asthma exacerbations requires further investigation. This review will focus on methodological issues regarding setting up a microbiome study, recent developments in asthma bacterial microbiome studies, challenges and future therapeutic potential.
ISSN:0954-7894
1365-2222
DOI:10.1111/cea.13444