Chromatin folding and nuclear architecture: PRC1 function in 3D

Embryonic development requires the intricate balance between the expansion and specialisation of defined cell types in time and space. The gene expression programmes that underpin this balance are regulated, in part, by modulating the chemical and structural state of chromatin. Polycomb repressive c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current opinion in genetics & development 2019-04, Vol.55, p.82-90
Main Author: Illingworth, Robert S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cell Nucleus - genetics
Chromatin - chemistry
Gene Expression Regulation
Genome
Histones - genetics
Histones - metabolism
Humans
Polycomb-Group Proteins - genetics
Polycomb-Group Proteins - metabolism
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Summary:Embryonic development requires the intricate balance between the expansion and specialisation of defined cell types in time and space. The gene expression programmes that underpin this balance are regulated, in part, by modulating the chemical and structural state of chromatin. Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs), a family of essential developmental regulators, operate at this level to stabilise or perpetuate a repressed but transcriptionally poised chromatin configuration. This dynamic state is required to control the timely initiation of productive gene transcription during embryonic development. The two major PRCs cooperate to target the genome, but it is PRC1 that appears to be the primary effector that controls gene expression. In this review I will discuss recent findings relating to how PRC1 alters chromatin accessibility, folding and global 3D nuclear organisation to control gene transcription.
ISSN:0959-437X
1879-0380
1879-0380
DOI:10.1016/j.gde.2019.06.006