Junction Characterization in a Functionally Graded Aluminum Part

Aluminum alloys are widely used to produce automotive components, thanks to their great mechanical properties–to–density ratio. Engine components such as pistons are conventionally produced by casting of Al–Si eutectic alloys (Silumin alloys) such as EN AC 48000. Due to the harsh working conditions...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials 2019-10, Vol.12 (21), p.3475
Main Authors: Fracchia, Elisa, Gobber, Federico Simone, Rosso, Mario, Actis Grande, Marco, Bidulská, Jana, Bidulský, Róbert
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alloys
Aluminum alloys
Aluminum base alloys
Automobile industry
Automotive parts
Composite materials
Corrosion
Density ratio
Ductility
Elongation
Engine components
Eutectic alloys
Fatigue failure
Functionally gradient materials
Gravity
Heat
Intermetallic phases
Mechanical properties
Mechanical tests
Metal fatigue
Metallurgy
Pistons
Solidification
Thermal resistance
Weight reduction
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Summary:Aluminum alloys are widely used to produce automotive components, thanks to their great mechanical properties–to–density ratio. Engine components such as pistons are conventionally produced by casting of Al–Si eutectic alloys (Silumin alloys) such as EN AC 48000. Due to the harsh working conditions and the lower ductility if compared to aluminum–silicon alloys with lower silicon content, pistons made of this alloy are prone to fatigue failures in the skirt region. In order to overcome such limits, the use of a Functionally Graded Material (FGM) in the production of a piston is proposed. The adoption of a functionally graded architecture can maximize the properties of the component in specific areas. A higher level of thermal resistance in the crown of the piston can be achieved with EN AC 48000 (AlSi12CuNiMg), while higher elongation at rupture in the skirt region would be conferred by an EN AC 42100 (AlSi9Mg0.3). The FGM properties are strictly related to the metallurgical bonding between the alloys as well as to the presence of intermetallic phases in the alloys junction. In the present article, the characterization of gravity casted FGM samples based on Al–Si alloys with respect to microstructure and mechanical testing is presented, with a specific focus on the characterization by impact testing of the joint between the two alloys.
ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma12213475