Current Opinions and Consensus for Studying Tremor in Animal Models

Tremor is the most common movement disorder; however, we are just beginning to understand the brain circuitry that generates tremor. Various neuroimaging, neuropathological, and physiological studies in human tremor disorders have been performed to further our knowledge of tremor. But, the causal re...

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Published in:Cerebellum (London, England) England), 2019-12, Vol.18 (6), p.1036-1063
Main Authors: Kuo, Sheng-Han, Louis, Elan D., Faust, Phyllis L., Handforth, Adrian, Chang, Su-youne, Avlar, Billur, Lang, Eric J., Pan, Ming-Kai, Miterko, Lauren N., Brown, Amanda M., Sillitoe, Roy V., Anderson, Collin J., Pulst, Stefan M., Gallagher, Martin J., Lyman, Kyle A., Chetkovich, Dane M., Clark, Lorraine N., Tio, Murni, Tan, Eng-King, Elble, Rodger J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain - diagnostic imaging
Brain - physiopathology
Consensus
Consensus Paper
Drosophila
Expert Testimony - standards
Haplorhini
Mice
Models, Animal
Movement disorders
Nerve Net - diagnostic imaging
Nerve Net - physiopathology
Neurobiology
Neuroimaging
Neurology
Neurosciences
Rats
Rodents
Swine
Tremor
Tremor - diagnostic imaging
Tremor - physiopathology
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Summary:Tremor is the most common movement disorder; however, we are just beginning to understand the brain circuitry that generates tremor. Various neuroimaging, neuropathological, and physiological studies in human tremor disorders have been performed to further our knowledge of tremor. But, the causal relationship between these observations and tremor is usually difficult to establish and detailed mechanisms are not sufficiently studied. To overcome these obstacles, animal models can provide an important means to look into human tremor disorders. In this manuscript, we will discuss the use of different species of animals (mice, rats, fruit flies, pigs, and monkeys) to model human tremor disorders. Several ways to manipulate the brain circuitry and physiology in these animal models (pharmacology, genetics, and lesioning) will also be discussed. Finally, we will discuss how these animal models can help us to gain knowledge of the pathophysiology of human tremor disorders, which could serve as a platform towards developing novel therapies for tremor.
ISSN:1473-4222
1473-4230
DOI:10.1007/s12311-019-01037-1