Cytokine/chemokine profiles in squamous cell carcinoma correlate with precancerous and cancerous disease stage

Actinic Keratosis (AK), Intraepidermal Carcinoma (IEC), and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) are generally considered to be advancing stages of the same disease spectrum. However, while AK often regress spontaneously, and IEC often regress in response to immune-activating treatments, SCC typically do n...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2019-11, Vol.9 (1), p.17754-11, Article 17754
Main Authors: Tuong, Zewen K., Lewandowski, Andrew, Bridge, Jennifer A., Cruz, Jazmina L. G., Yamada, Miko, Lambie, Duncan, Lewandowski, Richard, Steptoe, Raymond J., Leggatt, Graham R., Simpson, Fiona, Frazer, Ian H., Soyer, H. Peter, Wells, James W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/250/127/98
631/250/98
631/67/1813/1352
631/67/1857
692/4028/67/2324
82/79
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Carcinoma in Situ - pathology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology
Chemokines
Chemokines - analysis
Cytokines
Cytokines - analysis
Disease Progression
Female
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Inflammation
Keratosis
Keratosis, Actinic - pathology
Male
Middle Aged
multidisciplinary
Precancerous Conditions - pathology
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Skin - pathology
Skin Neoplasms - pathology
Squamous cell carcinoma
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Summary:Actinic Keratosis (AK), Intraepidermal Carcinoma (IEC), and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) are generally considered to be advancing stages of the same disease spectrum. However, while AK often regress spontaneously, and IEC often regress in response to immune-activating treatments, SCC typically do not regress. Therefore, it is vital to define whether fundamental immunological changes occur during progression to SCC. Here we show that proinflammatory cytokine expression, chemokine expression, and immune cell infiltration density change during progression to SCC. Our findings suggest a switch from predominantly proinflammatory cytokine production to chemokine production is a key feature of progression from precancer to cancer. Together, these observations propose a model that can underpin current research and open new avenues of exploration into the clinical significance of these profiles with respect to immunotherapeutic or other treatment outcomes.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-019-54435-0