Age-related sensory decline mediates the Sound-Induced Flash Illusion: Evidence for reliability weighting models of multisensory perception

Perception of our world is proposed to arise from combining multiple sensory inputs according to their relative reliability. We tested multisensory processes in a large sample of 2920 older adults to assess whether sensory ability mediates age-related changes in perception. Participants completed a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2019-12, Vol.9 (1), p.19347-12, Article 19347
Main Authors: Hirst, Rebecca J., Setti, Annalisa, Kenny, Rose A., Newell, Fiona N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/378/3917
631/477/2811
Age
Aged
Aging - physiology
Auditory Perception - physiology
Discrimination
Female
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Illusions
Male
Middle Aged
Models, Theoretical
multidisciplinary
Older people
Perception
Reproducibility of Results
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sensation - physiology
Sound
Temporal discrimination
Visual Perception - physiology
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Summary:Perception of our world is proposed to arise from combining multiple sensory inputs according to their relative reliability. We tested multisensory processes in a large sample of 2920 older adults to assess whether sensory ability mediates age-related changes in perception. Participants completed a test of audio-visual integration, the Sound Induced Flash Illusion (SIFI), alongside measures of visual (acuity, contrast sensitivity, self-reported vision and visual temporal discrimination (VTD)) and auditory (self-reported hearing and auditory temporal discrimination (ATD)) function. Structural equation modelling showed that SIFI susceptibility increased with age. This was mediated by visual acuity and self-reported hearing: better scores on these measures predicted reduced and stronger SIFI susceptibility, respectively. Unexpectedly, VTD improved with age and predicted increased SIFI susceptibility. Importantly, the relationship between age and SIFI susceptibility remained significant, even when considering mediators. A second model showed that, with age, visual ‘gain’ (the benefit of congruent auditory information on visual judgements) was predicted by ATD: better ATD predicted stronger visual gain. However, neither age nor SIFI susceptibility were directly associated with visual gain. Our findings illustrate, in the largest sample of older adults to date, how multisensory perception is influenced, but not fully accounted for, by age-related changes in unisensory abilities.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-019-55901-5