UV Treatment Improves the Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Properties of Crystallized Nanostructured Titanium Surface

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2019-11, Vol.20 (23), p.5991
• Main Authors: Hatoko, Mai, Komasa, Satoshi, Zhang, Honghao, Sekino, Tohru, Okazaki, Joji
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adsorption; Angiogenesis; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - adverse effects; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents - radiation effects; Bacteria; Biocompatibility; Biocompatible Materials - adverse effects; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Biocompatible Materials - radiation effects; Bone marrow; Bone Marrow Cells - drug effects; Cell adhesion; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Crystallization; Dental implants; Dental materials; Dental prosthetics; Endothelial cells; Heat treatment; Heat treatments; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells - drug effects; Humans; Irradiation; Microscopy; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Photoelectron spectroscopy; Photoelectrons; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive oxygen species; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects; Surface analysis (chemical); Surgical implants; Titanium; Titanium - chemistry; Ultraviolet radiation; Ultraviolet Rays; Umbilical vein; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235991

This study describes the production of a new material composed of pure titanium (Ti) metal with a crystallized nanostructure and investigated whether heat treatment and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation improved its biocompatibility and antibacterial properties. We compared the performance of UV-irradiated and non-irradiated Ti nanosheets (TNS) formed by dark alkaline treatment and heating at 600 °C with that of untreated pure Ti nanostructure (positive control). In vitro and in vivo experiments to assess biocompatibility and effects on cell behavior were performed using human umbilical vein endothelial cells and rat bone marrow cells. The material surface was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The antibacterial properties of the irradiated material were evaluated using , a common pathogenic bacterium. The UV-irradiated TNS exhibited high angiogenic capacity and promoted cell adherence and differentiation relative to the control. Further, surface analysis via XPS revealed a lower C peak for the UV-treated material, indicating a reduced amount of dirt on the material surface. Moreover, UV irradiation decreased the viability of on the material surface by stimulating reactive oxygen species production. The biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of the TNS were improved by UV irradiation. Thus, TNS may serve as a useful material for fabrication of dental implants.